Abstract:

Background/Introduction The world is experiencing a global epidemic of Non-communicable diseases-(NCDs), mainly cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), chronic respiratory diseases and diabetes represent a leading threat to human health and development.

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are a global burden that has been forecasted long ago, especially in low and middle-income countries like Nigeria. This epidemiologic transition has been linked to urbanization, industrialization, and globalization leading to lifestyle changes that promote NCDs. The study aimed at determining the predictor for Non-communicable diseases and the prevalence of cardiovascular conditions (hypertension), metabolic disorder (diabetes mellitus) and in activities (obesity) among cohort service personnel within Nigeria customs service. A cohort quantitative study was carried out.

This study type provided a detailed account of participants view or engagement in specific behavior which was stated in numerical measurement and statistic. A purposive sampling technique was used to enroll participant, interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect quantitative data from the respondents and was then subjected to data analysis using Strata.

Among the respondents, 29 (14.65) were female and 169 (85.35) male with a mean age of 39.7, minimum age 25, maximum age 59. Only 21.2% of respondents engaged in physical activity at least five times in a week while 78.9% believed that tracking to their office is part of the exercise. 74.75 per cent rarely take fruits and 56.06 per cent don’t like vegetables, 6. 51% add raw salt to already-prepared meals; 4.04, 26.8 and 10.1% take sweet/soft drinks with snacks daily, weekly and monthly respectively. Only 51(25.8%) respondent have ever checked their blood pressure and glucose level before now, while 74.2 per cent have never checked their blood pressure and glucose level.

To tackle the increasing prevalence of Non-communicable diseases among the cohort service personnel of the Nigeria customs service (NCS) we have to understand the risk factors for NCDs. Targeted interventions will include other service personnel as well.

Keywords: Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs), risk factors and predictors.

References:

[1].   www.commonwealthhealth.org/africa/nigeria/non_communicable_diseases_in_nigeria/2008.

[2].   Global health observatory (GHO) Data, 2015 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24521570.

[3].   Onwasigwe C. Disease transition in Sub-saharan Africa: The case of non-communicable diseases in Nigeria. 2010.

[4].   Adedoyin RA, Adesoye A. Incidence and pattern of cardiovascular disease in a Nigerian teaching hospital. Trop Doct 2005; 35:104-6.
[PUBMED).

[5].   Mennen LI, Mbanya JC, Cade J, Balkau B, Sharma S, Chungong S, et al. The habitual diet in rural and urban Cameroon. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2000 Feb; 54:150-4.

[6].   Desouky DS, Omar MS, Nemenqani DM, Jabbar J, Tarak-Khan NM. Risk factors of non-communicable diseases among female university students of the Health Colleges of Taif University.

[7].   Swende TZ, Sokpo J, Tamen FI. Globalization and health: A critical appraisal. Niger J Med 2008 Apr-Jun; 17:135-8.

[8].   Bradshaw D, Steyn K, Levitt N, Nojilana B. NCDs-A race against time.

[9].   U.S. Department of Health and Human Services [USDHHS] 2004, 2006, 2010.

[10].  Ekpenyong CE, Udokang NE, Akpan EE, Samson TK. Double burden, non-communicable diseases and risk factors evaluation: The Nigerian experience.

[11].  Baba MM, Abubakar GM. The burden of non-communicable diseases in Nigeria; in the context of globalization.

[12].  World Health Organization. WHO Report on the Global Tobacco Epidemic, 2011.CountryprofileNigeria.[Internet,updated,2011 accessed2012 Apr 4].,Available from: http://www.who.int/tobacco/surveillance/policy/country_profile/nga.pdf.

[13].  Dahiru T, Ejembi CL. Clustering of cardiovascular risk factors in a semi-urban population in Northern Nigeria.

[14].  Ige OK, Owoaje ET, Adebiyi OA. Non-communicable diseases and risky behavior in an urban university community in Nigeria.

[15].  Health Reform Foundation of Nigeria (HERFON) (2011). Diabetes to top cause of death in 2015. Available from http://www.-vanguardngr.com/-2011/10/diabetes-to-top-cause-of-deathin-2015.

[16].  Chukwu O (2011). Heart disease, stroke cost Nigerian $800m yearly. Pmnews September 21 Available from http://www.pmnewsnigeria.com-/2011-/09/21/heart-diseasestroke-cost-nigeria-800.

[17].  World Health Organization. Global status report on non-communicable diseases. Geneva: WHO 2011

[18].  Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Physical activity for everyone. 2011http://wwwcdcgov/physicalactivity/everyone/glossary/indexhtml.

[19].  12. United States Centre for Disease Control, author. Fact sheet: Excessive alcohol use and women's health. 2010. [August 2012]. Available at http://www.cdc.gov/alcohol/fact-sheets/womens-health.htm. [Ref list]

[20].  World Health Organization. Preventing chronic disease: A vital investment. Geneva: WHO2005.P48. [Internet. Last accessed 2012 November 28]. Available from: http://www.who.int/chp/chronic_disease_report/full_report.pdf http://www.who.int/chp/chronic_disease_report/full_report.pdf