Abstract:

Domestic violence is form of violation of person’s human rights or abuse of anyone in a way that causes pain, distress or injury. It refers to any abusive treatment of one person by another, thus violating the law of basic human rights. It includes battering of intimate partners and others, sexual abuse of children by parents or relative, such as marital rape and traditional practices that are harmful and inhuman to a person, men or women.

In this paper we will discuss the prevalent rate of domestic violence in Nigeria, the situation of domestic violence, cause, types, effect and managements of domestic violence in Nigeria. Lastly preventive and remedial is proffered as a panacea for the ugly phenomenon.

References:

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Abstract:

Background: Statistical process control (SPC) is a collection of tools that when used together can result in process stability and variance reduction in production and services. For effective and efficiency of quality performance, health practitioners must be fully aware of general concept of SPC, its components and how to apply it in their daily work. Health practitioners are the once who will shape the nature of quality of those components to fit the needs and demands of health seekers (customers) through proficient application of SPC in their daily practices. However, different studies reported that, general concept of SPC is unclear to many practitioners and its application does not gratify the needs and demands of those health seekers. The study was aimed at evaluating awareness and application of SPC among rural Tanzania health practitioner.

Method: This article was aimed at evaluating awareness and application of SPC among health practitioners of Rural Tanzania Health Facilities in their daily practices. Non-interventional of cross-sectional explorative method in nature where both quantitative and qualitative data was collected. Thirty five (35) health professionals were conveniently interviewed. Self-administered questionnaires were administered and data was systematically analyzed by excel programs in computer.

Result: The result revealed that, of 35 health parishioners interviewed, (47%) do not completely know the general concept of SPC. On other hand, all (100%) of health practitioners interviewed, had never applied at all SPC in their daily practices. About the tools of SPC, of the 280 required responses, only 22 (8%) indicated that they are aware with check sheet. Few respondents were poorly responded to other recommended tools of SPC. However, there are other forms of SPC tools used in the hospital for quality control. When practitioners were asked on their opinions to apply SPC as way forward to improve their practice in future, a great number (29, 83%) recommended the SPC to be incorporated in clinical practice to improve quality of work.

Conclusion: If properly considered, the result from this mini study will improve efficiencies and effectiveness of performance among health practitioners. The result will also be useful for health facility managers as they will use as a guide for decision making about where improvement and efforts of action to be focused in the first place. However, this study may not sufficiently reflect the real situation of Rural Tanzania Health Facilities as it took place in only one health facility with a very small sample size. For this reason, this study may be a good platform for further study with adequate sample size.

Keyword: Awareness of SPC, standard SPC tools, application of SPC

References:

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Abstract:

Objective: The aim of this study is to develop a model for measuring the impact of broadband on innovations at the institutions of higher learning in Kenya.

Background: Universities in Kenya are investing huge amounts of money on the provision of Broadband internet. However, the extent to which broadband is being utilised in these institutions to spur innovation is not certain. There is need therefore to measure the extend at which broadband internet influences innovations in these institutions in order to assess value for broadband investment.

Methods: The study adopts Porter's Diamond Model to develop the model. The model has four analytical dimensions that form the basis of designing the instruments of data collection. A descriptive study is adopted for the research. Data was collected from existing records, literature review and through interviews. A five-point Likert scale was designed and employed to assess the characteristics and behaviour of broadband consumer responses. Statistical methods were used to test the internal consistency reliability and construct validity of the study variables.

Results: The reliability and validity of the measures and measurement instruments were above the recommended level of 0.70 as an indicator of internal consistency.

Conclusion: Analysis of the structural model showed that the model performed well and was adequate for the study. Since this was a pilot study and the amount of data used was small, a more comprehensive study that incorporates all the 67 universities in Kenya is recommended.

Keywords: Broadband, Innovations, Internet, Education, metrics, model

References:

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Abstract:

Worldwide, nutritional supplements have been utilized prophylactically, as well as to assist and improve specific diseases and illnesses for decades. Since the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) does not regulate dietary supplements in the same way that it regulates medicine, dietary supplements can be sold without FDA approval. Neuro-V, a product that was originally developed to improve nerve regeneration in people who suffer from Neuropathy, has a myriad of health benefits that can also protect against oxidative stress as well as improve energy production. The antioxidants and amino acids that were meticulously chosen in Neuro-V (Acetyl L-Carnitine, Alpha Lipoic Acid, N-Acetyl L-Cysteine, Cyanocobalamin (B-12), Pyridoxine HCL (B-6), Folic Acid (B-9) and Grape Seed Extract) have individually been reported and studied to reduce neuropathic pain as well as prevent mitochondrial damage. Although, there are a variety of treatments that essentially provide symptomatic relief for patients who suffer from neuropathy, including non pharmacological, pharmacological and interventional therapies, there is yet to be a supplement that can provide a multitude of benefits and is available worldwide. This paper will discuss the important ingredients of Neuro-V and research that went into specific, efficacious, safe, non- toxic doses that can not only improve nerve regeneration, and increase cognitive and physical performance, but can also be utilized as a supplement for neuroprotection.

Keywords: Neuroprotection, neuropathy, nerve regeneration, Neuro-V, natural supplement, mitochondrial damage

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Abstract:

Data has become very important not only for individuals but for organizations as well. Data security is the biggest challenge that we care facing currently. Recent successful hacks and data breaches have certainly played an important role in the development of data security related technologies.

Cryptography is a well adopted method to ensure that data is secure and confidentiality of user data is maintained.

The content owner encrypts the actual data using an encryption key which converts the data into cipher text. The cipher text is an intermediate data which is unreadable form which can be shared amount other users and can be stored in the various storage media.

The cipher text can be converted into the actual data using the same encryption key in case of symmetric key encryption or using different key in case of asymmetric key encryption.

Currently, the Encryption/Decryption algorithms that exist depend on complex mathematical manipulations. The length of the encryption keys are growing and growing to get more secure and more stronger encryption thus processing throughput and memory consumption requirement is also growing.

In this work researchers are focusing on various symmetric key encryption throughput and memory consumption with proposed high speed new algorithm which can be useful for the devices with low memory and processing capabilities. The work sought the possibility to trim down the complicated throughput of symmetric cryptography and ensuring maximum security at the same time.

Keywords: Cryptography, Algorithms, Authentication, Cipher text, Complex Mathematical Manipulations, Encryption, Decryption, Symmetric Key.

References:

[1]. Agrawal, M., & Mishra, P. (2012). A Comparative Survey on Symmetric Key Encryption Techniques. International Journal on Computer Science and Engineering, 877-882.

[2]. Ahmad, S., Alam, K. M., Rahman, H., & Tamura, S. (2015). A comparison between symmetric and asymmetric key encryption algorithm based decryption mixnets. Networking Systems and Security (NSysS), 2015 International Conference on (pp. 1-5). Dhaka, Bangladesh: IEEE. doi: DOI: 10.1109/NSysS.2015.7043532

[3]. Ajay K., S. M. (January, 2012). Comparison of Various Encryption Algorithms and Techniques for Secured Data Communication in Multinode Network. International Journal of Engineering and Technology Volume 2 No. 1, ISSN: 2049-3444 © 2011 – IJET Publications UK., 87-92.

[4]. Alabaichi, A., Ahmad, F., & Mahmod, R. (2013). Security analysis of blowfish algorithm. Informatics and Applications (ICIA), 2013 Second International Conference on (pp. 12-18). Malaysia: IEEE. doi:10.1109/ICoIA.2013.6650222

[5]. Al-Hazaimeh, O. M. (March 2013). A New Approach for Complex Encrypting and Decrypting Data. International Journal of Computer Networks & Communications (IJCNC) Vol.5, No.2, 95-103.

[6]. Ankita P. B., L. S. (April - 2013). A Comparative Literature Survey On Various Image Encryption Standards. International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT) Vol. 2 Issue 4, ISSN: 2278-0181, 1444-1450.

[7]. Klinc, D., Hazay, C., Jagmohan, A., Krawczyk, H., & Rabin, T. (2012, 11). On Compression of Data Encrypted With Block Ciphers. IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, Vol-58(Issue-11), 6989 - 7001. doi: DOI: 10.1109/TIT.2012.2210752

[8]. Mandar M. K., P. B. (March 2013). Encryption Algorithm Addressing GSM Security Issues- A Review. International Journal of Latest Trends in Engineering and Technology (IJLTET), Vol. 2 Issue 2, ISSN: 2278-621X, 268-273.

[9]. Paar C. and Pelzl J. (2010). Understanding Cryptography: A Textbook for Students and Practitioners. ISBN 978-3-642-04101-3.

[10]. Shah K. R., B. G. ( March, 2012). New Approach of Data Encryption Standard. International Journal of Soft Computing and Engineering (IJSCE), ISSN: 2231-2307, Volume-2, Issue-1, 322-325.

[11]. Sharma, H. A. (2010). Implemenentation and analysis various symmetric cryptosystems. Indian Journal of Science and Technology Vol. 3 No. 12 ISSN:0974-6846, 1173-1176.

[12]. Shrivas, M. K., & Singh, S. V. (2014, June). Added Advanced Encryption Standard (A-Aes): With 512 Bits Data Block And 512, 768 And 1024 Bits Encryption Key. International Journal of ICT and Management, Vol-II (Issue-1), 65-71. Retrieved 2016, from http://www.ijictm.org/admin/html/mail/attach/2014-08-06-03-48-23.pdf

[13]. Shrivas, M. K., & Singh, S. V. (2015). Implementing ADDED ADVANCED ENCRYPTION STANDARD (A-AES) to Secure Data on the Cloud. 3rd International Conference on Management, Communication and Technolog (ICMCT) (pp. 17-24). Accra, Ghana: IJICTM. Retrieved 2016, from http://www.ijictm.org/admin/html/mail/attach/2015-08-07-09-55-57.pdf

[14]. Shrivas, M. K., Dr. Amoako, A., Boateng, S. O., & Dr. Yeboah, T. (2015, 10). Migration Model for unsecure Database driven Software System to Secure System using Cryptography. The International Journal of ICT and Management, Vol-II (Issue-2), 1-8. Retrieved 2016, from http://www.ijictm.org/admin/html/mail/attach/2015-12-10-08-23-09.pdf

[15]. Vikendra S., a. S. ((2013)). ANALYSING SPACE COMPLEXITY OF VARIOUS ENCRYPTION ALGORITHMS. International Journal of Computer Engineering and Technology (IJCET), ISSN 0976-6367(Print), ISSN 0976 – 6375(Online) Volume 4, Issue , 414-419.

[16]. Yogesh K., R. M. (Oct 2011). Comparison of Symmetric and Asymmetric Cryptography with Existing Vulnerabilities and Countermeasures. IJCSMS International Journal of Computer Science and Management Studies, Vol. 11, Issue 03, ISSN (Online): 2231-5268, 60-63.

Abstract:

Communities in Malawi establish Early Childhood Development (ECD) centres where children aged from 3 to 5 years are enrolled. At the age of 6, children enrol in Grade 1 in primary school. Community members claimed that graduates from ECD centres performed better in early primary school than non-ECD centre graduates. However, there was lack of empirical evidence to substantiate the claim. This study was aimed at assessing the impact of ECD enrolment on children’s performance in early primary school by tracking the performance of ECD centre graduates in Grade 1 and comparing it with performance of non-ECD centre graduates. Four primary schools which enrolled more ECD centre graduates in Grade 1 were purposively sampled for this study in Blantyre district, Malawi. Performance of 943 children was tracked, of which 159 were ECD centre graduates. End of year Grade 1 assessment results for the 943 children were used to get numbers of children who were promoted to Grade 2, who repeated in Grade 1 and who dropped out of Grade 1. Then promotion rate, repetition rate and dropout rate for ECD centre graduates and non-ECD centre graduates were calculated and compared. The results revealed that promotion rate was higher for ECD centre graduates than for non-ECD centre graduates while repetition rate and dropout rate were lower for ECD centre graduates than for non-ECD centre graduates. It was therefore concluded that Early Childhood Development centres impact positively on children’s performance in early primary school.

Keywords: Early Childhood Development, feeder ECD Centres, early primary school, promotion rate, repetition rate, dropout rate

References:

[1] Barnett, W.S. (1995). Long-Term Effects of Early Childhood Programs on Cognitive and School Outcomes. The Future of Children Long-Term Outcomes of Early Childhood Programs, 5(3), 25-50.

[2] Berlinski, S., Galiani, S. & Gertler, P. (2006). The Effect of Pre-Primary on Primary School Performance. Retrieved October 26, 2016 from http://eml.berkeley.edu//~webfac/lee/e251_Sp06/Gertler.pdf

[3] Camilli, G., Vargas, S., Ryan, S., & Barnett, W.S. (2010). Meta-analysis of the effects of early education interventions on cognitive and social development. Teachers College Record, 112(3), 579-620.

[4] Campbell, F.A., Ramey, C.T., Pungello, E., Sparling, J., & Miller-Johnson, S. (2002). Early Childhood Education: Young Adult Outcomes from the Abecedarian Project. Applied Developmental Science, 6(1), 42–57.

[5] Early, D., Maxwell, K., Burchinal, M., Alva, S., Bender, R., Bryant, D., Cai, K., Clifford, R., Ebanks, C., Griffin, J., Henry, G., Howes, C., Iriondo-Perez, J., Jeon, H., Mashburn, A., Peisner-Feinberg, E., Pianta, R., Vandergrift, N., Zill, N. (2007). Teachers’ Education, Classroom Quality, and Young Children’s Academic Skills: Results From Seven Studies of Preschool Programs. Child Development, 78(2), 558 – 580.

[6] Estes, D.C. (2015). Preschool Experience vs. No Preschool Experience: Long Term Effects on Academic and Social Readiness of Children. Master's Theses and Capstone Projects. Paper 153. Dominican University of California

[7] Gardinal-Pizato, E.C., Marturano, E.M. & Fontaine, A.M. (2012). Access to Early Childhood Education and Academic Achievement in Elementary School. Paidéia, 22(52), 187-196.

[8] Gilliam, W. S., & Zigler, E. F. (2001). A critical meta-analysis of all impact evaluations of state-funded preschool from 1977 to 1998: Implications for policy, service delivery and program evaluation. Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 15, 441-473.

[9] Loeb, S., Bridges, M., Bassok, D., Fuller, B. & Rumberger, R.W. (2007). How much is too much? The influence of preschool centers on children’s social and cognitive development. Economics of Education Review, 26, 52–66.

[10] Nores, M., & Barnett, W.S. (2010). Benefits of early childhood interventions across the world: (Under) Investing in the very young. Economics of Education Review, 29(2), 271-282.

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[12] Rao, N., Sun, J., Wong, J.M.S., Weekes, B., Ip, P., Shaeffer, S., Young, M., Bray, M., Chen, E., & Lee, D (2014). Early childhood development and cognitive development in developing countries: A rigorous literature review. Department for International Development.

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[14] Ruhm, C. & Waldfogel, J. (2011). Long-Term Effects of Early Childhood Care and Education. Discussion Paper No. 6149

[15] Sylva, K. & Wiltshire, J. (1993). The impact of early learning on children’s later development: A review prepared for the RSA Inquiry “Start Right”. European Early Childhood Education Research Journal, 1(1), 17-40.

Abstract:

The evolution of patient and family education technology continues to improve patient health outcomes and reduce patient safety related concerns. The health care team is adopting many platforms to better educate their patients.

The intension is that instant access to health information through technology will allow patients to better manage their health issues. Health education technology has come a far way since 1960’s. Previously, health care workers were handing out pamphlets and brochures to patients. Now health care professionals have developed videos and presentations to educate their patients and families. Most recently, electronic information through the internet is enabling patients and their families to obtain information about their health and make informed decisions with the assistance of their health care provider.

In the 21^st century also health educators, doctors, patients and their families are proving that this venture has promoted cost containment, improved patient outcomes and effective patient care management. The literature examined research related to computer based patient education. Health care data base resources were selected for review of the current literature from Medline, CINAHL and the World Wide Web. The search strategy included exploring the subject heading terms ‘technology’ and ‘patient education’. The findings presented in this paper suggest that the use of technology to improve patients' knowledge and to involve them in health care decisions leads to better health outcomes. Kaiser Permanente Panorama City (Calif.) Hospital is one of the hospitals utilizing these creative techniques. This hospital has seen improvements in readmission rates, patient satisfaction and overall hospital satisfaction. There has been reduction in both cardiac and pneumonia readmission rates by more than six percent in less than two years. Patient satisfaction, reported as those patients who understand their condition, has increased from just over 70 percent in 2008 to 90 percent in 2010. Overall hospital satisfaction increased from approximately 80 percent in 2008 to 90 percent in 2010. The purpose of this article is to explore the evolution of computer technology in health care education and, in particular, to examine the application of technology in the process of knowledge transfer and skill development necessary for self-health promotion and disease self-management. A systematic review of the published literature on the development and use of computer-based patient education is followed by a discussion of the application of research findings to practice.

References:

[1]. Alexis Jacobs (2011). The evolution of health care education technology: The history of patient education. Retrieved from:

www.healthtechtrends.com/patient/the-evolution-of-healthcare

[2]. Brown University (2016). A frame work for making ethical decisions. Retrieved from

https://www.brown.edu/academics/science-and-technology-studies/framework-making-ethical-decisions

[3]. Cancer care (nd). Patient education fundamentals. Retrieved from:

http://www.cancercare.ns.ca/site-cc/media/cancercare/Patient%20Education%20Fundamentals.pdf

[4]. Cristina Cassano (2014). Right balance technology and patient care. Retrieved from:

http://www.himss.org/

[5]. Health IT (2014). Patient specific education. Retrieved from:

https://www.healthit.gov/providers-professionals/achieve-meaningful-use/core-measures-2/patient-specific-education-resources

[6]. Kathleen Roney (2012). Interactive patient education. Retrieved from:

http://www.beckershospitalreview.com/healthcare-information-technology/interactive-patient-education-reduces-readmissions-increases-satisfaction-kaiser-permanente-panorama-hospital-case-study.html

[7]. PMLive (2016). How technology is shaping patient education. Retrieved from:

http://www.pmlive.com/pmhub/medical_communications/fti_consulting/white_papers_and_resources/how_technology_is_shaping_patient_education

[8]. Practical nursing (2016). Providing effective patient education. Retrieved from:

http://www.practicalnursing.org/five-tips-providing-effective-patient-education

[9]. Kathleen Roney, 2012. Health Information Technology. Retrieved from:

http://www.beckershospitalreview.com/healthcare-information-technology/interactive-patient-education http://www.pmlive.com/pmhub/medical_communications/fti_consult

Abstract:

The research is a cross-sectional descriptive survey conducted at Schools of Nursing and Midwifery in Benue State on “ Knowledge and Use of ICT in Teaching and Learning Among Teachers and Students”. The specific objectives were; to assess the availability of ICT facilities in the schools, to assess the knowledge of the teachers and students on the use of ICT facilities in teaching and learning, to ascertain the extent to which the teachers and students make use of the available ICT facilities, to assess the perceived usefulness of the ICT to teachers and students, and to determine factors hindering the availability and use of ICT facilities in the schools for teachers and students use. Stratified sampling technique was used to group the students into homogeneous subsets of classes/levels of study after which convenience sampling technique was used to select samples used for the study disproportionately. Data were collected from the respondents through self-structured and validated questionnaire. Data obtained were analyzed and presented using frequency distribution table while chi-square was used to analyse the stated hypotheses. Based on the findings; there is availability of ICT in the schools, however, not all items needed for smooth running of ICT were available and the existing ones are insufficient, both the teachers and the students have some degree of knowledge about ICT but such knowledge is seriously limited as most of the teachers and students were not computer literate, most teachers and students were not making use of the available ICTs in the school and those who made use of it were inconsistent in their use of the ICT facilities even though most of them believed that ICT use in teaching and learning is very essential for better and quality education. Factors hindering the availability and use of ICT facilities in the schools were multifactorial as shown in the study. The researcher made the following recommendations; management and leadership of the schools should put more effort to ensure provision of adequate ICT facilities for teachers and students use as this will enhance the quality of the teaching and learning in the school, and that the government should make use of ICT facilities in teaching and learning mandatory in all schools even as they assist schools who cannot afford it to secure adequate ICT facilities for teachers and students use.

Keywords: Knowledge, Use, ICT, Teaching, Learning, Teachers, and Students.

References:

[1] Adesote, S.A. and Fatoki, O.R. (2013) “The Role of ICT in the Teaching and Learning of History in the 21^st Century”. Academic Journals. Educational Research and Reviews Vol. 8 (21), pp. 2155-2159.

[2] Al-Alwani, A. (2005) “Barriers to Integrating Information Technology in Saudi Arabia Science Education”. Doctoral Dissertation, the University of Kansas, Kansas.

[3] Al-Ansari, H. (2006) “Internet use by the Faculty Members of Kuwait University”. The Electronic Library vol.24, (6), pp. 791-803.

[4] Albirini, A. (2006) “Teachers’ Attitudes Towards Information and Communication Technologies: The case of Syrian EFL Teachers”. Computers and Education, 47, 373-398.

[5] Almohaissin, I. (2006) “Introducing Computers into Saudi Arabia Secondary School Science Teaching: Some Problems and Possible Solutions”.

[6] Balanskat, A., Blamire, R., and Kefala, S. (2006) “A review of Studies of ICT Impact on Schools in Europe”. European school.net.

[7] Bhattacharya, I and Sharma, K. (2007), “India in the Knowledge Economy – An Electronic Paradigm”. International Journal of Educational Management Vol. 21(6), pp. 543 – 568.

[8] British Educational Communication and Technology Agency (Becta) (2004) “A Review of the Research Literature on Barriers to the Uptake of ICT by Teachers”. Available: http://www.becta.org.uk.

[9] Cholin, V.S. (2005) “Study of the Application of Information Technology for Effective Access to Resources in Indian University Libraries”. The International Information and Library Review, Vol. 37 (3) pp. 189-197.

[10] EDTech Review (2014) “Advantages of using ICT in Learning-Teaching processes”. Avalable: www.edtechreview.in/trends-insights/insights/959-advantages-of-using-ict-in-learning-teaching-processes.

[11] Education Scotland (2016) “Role of ICT in Learning”.

Avalable: www.educationscotland.gov.uk/learningandteaching/approaches/ictineducation/roleofictinlearning.asp.

[12] Empirical (2006) “Benchmarking Access and use of ICT in European Schools 2006: Final Report From Head Teacher and Classroom Teacher Surveys in 27 European countries”. Germany: European Commission.

[13] Fisscha, M. (2011), “The Roles of Information Communication Technologies in Education: Review article with Emphasis to the Computer and Internet”. Ethiopian Journal of Education and Science. Vol. 6, No. 2.

[14] Gomes C. (2005) “Integration of ICT in Science Teaching: A study Performed in Azores, Portugal. Recent Research Developments in Learning Technology”.

[15] Hamilton-Ekeke, J.T. and Mbachu, C.E. (2015) “The Place of Information, Communication and Technology (ICT) in Teaching and Learning in Nigerian Tertiary Institutions”. American Journal of Educational Research, vol. 3 (3), pp.340-347.

[16] Hepp. K.P., Hinostroza, S.E., Laval, M.E., Rehabein, L.F. (2004) “Technology in Schools: Education, ICT and the Knowledge Society OECD”. Available: www.Worldbarnk.org/education/pdf/ICT_report_oct04a.pdf.

[17] Khalid, A.B. (2009) “Barriers to the Successful Integration of ICT in Teaching and Learning Environments: A Review of the Literature”. Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education Vol. 5 (3) pp. 235-245.

[18] Korte, W.B., and Husing, T. (2007) “Benchmarking Access and use of ICT in European Schools 2006: Results From Head Teachers and A Classroom Teacher Surveys in 27 European Countries”. eLearning Papers, 2 (1), pp.1-6.

[19] Margaret R. (2016), ICT (information and communication technology or technologies). Available: www.searchcio.techtarget.com/definition/ICT-information-and-communications-technolgy-or-teachnologies

[20] Mathipa, E.R and Mukhari, S. (2014) “Teacher Factors influencing the use of ICT in Teaching and Learning in South African Urban schools”. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, Vol. 5, (23) pp. 2039-2117.

[21] McGorry, S.Y. (2002), “Online but on Target? Internet-based MBA courses: A case study”. The Internet and Higher Education Vol. 5, (2) pp. 167-175.

[22] Newhouse, P. (2002) “Literature Review: The impact of ICT on Learning and Teaching, Perth, Western Australia: Department of Education”.

[23] Nguyen, N., Williams, J. and Nguyen, T. (2012) “Literature Review: Information Communication Technology”. Asian-pacific Forum on Science Learning and Teaching, Vol. 13, Issue 2, article 6.

[24] Nor-Ul-Amin, S. (2014) “An Effective use of ICT for Education and Learning by Drawing on Worldwide Knowledge, Research, and Experience: ICT as a Change Agent for Education (A literature Review)”. Available: www.ngu.edu/classes/keefer/waoc/armins.pdf.

[25] Nwezeh, C.M (2010) The use of ICT in Nigerian Universities: A case Study of Obafemi Awolowow University Ile-Ife. Available: www.webpages.uidaho.edu/-mbolin/nwezeh3.htm.

[26] Osakwe, N.R. (2010) “The influence of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) on Teacher Education and Professional Development in Delta State, Nigeria”. Asian Journal of information Technology, Vol. 9 (5) pp. 280-285.

[27] Ozden, M. (2007) “Problems with Science and Technology Education in Turkey”. Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, Vol 3 (2), pp.157-161.

[28] Pelgrum, W.J. (2001) “Obstacles to the Integration of ICT in Education: Results From a Worldwide Educational Assessment”. Computers and Education, Vol. 37, 163-178.

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Abstract:

Introduction: Comparison of TSH values by analysis of retrospective data obtained from daily internal quality control (IQC) runs performed concurrently on Architect i2000 and cobas e601; the two platforms used to run TSH test for patient samples at The Nairobi Hospital, Kenya.

Method: Data analysis was carried out using R project version 3.2.3. Data was analyzed both in combination (N=590) and segregated as Level 2 (N= 297) and level 3 (N=293).  

Results: Shapiro-Wilk normality test returned normal distribution for level 2, abnormal distribution for level 3 and combined data on both platforms. Paired T-test for level 2 and Mann–Whitney U -Wilcoxon signed rank test for level 3 and combined data, indicated that the alternative hypothesis: true location shift is not equal to 0. Deming and Passing-Bablok regression analysis for level 2 and 3 showed a significant deviation in values between the two methods by a constant. Concordance correlation of the individual levels 2 and 3 is poor.

Discussion: The data demonstrates that there is a constant systematic error between the two methods, with cobas values reading higher each time, and that this difference is significant at both levels.

Conclusion: Regression analysis shows transferability of results from one method to another, however, the difference in means and the poor concordance correlation obliges a consideration of the TSH value results given by the lab especially so in the subclinical range (5 – 10) mIU/ml.

Keywords: Thyroid Stimulating Hormone, TSH, Architect i2000SR, Cobas e601

References:

[1]. BALOCH, Z., CARAYON, P., CONTE-DEVOLX, B., DEMERS, L. M., FELDT-RASMUSSEN, U., HENRY, J. F., LIVOSLI, V. A., NICCOLI-SIRE, P., JOHN, R., RUF, J., SMYTH, P. P., SPENCER, C. A. & STOCKIGT, J. R. 2003. Laboratory medicine practice guidelines. Laboratory support for the diagnosis and monitoring of thyroid disease. Thyroid, 13, 3-126.

[2]. BENDIX CARSTENSEN, L. G., CLAUS EKSTROM AND MICHAL FIGURSKI 2015. MethComp: Functions for Analysis of Agreement in Method Comparison Studies. R package version 1.22.2.

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Abstract:

The study aims at finding out the capacity of maids training centres in Lusaka to training housemaids for infant care. Using both qualitative and quantitative approach a collective case study was conducted. Questionnaires, interviews and document analysis were designed and used to collect data. The interviews were two types: in-depth interviews were held with ten housemaids randomly selected from the twenty maids training centres. The maids training centres were purposefully selected. The second interview was a focus group discussion where the remaining ten house maids took part. The discussion was recorded and later transcribed. This was subjected to thematic analysis. Document analysis was also conducted to establish the type curriculum and how it was implemented.

The findings from the data revealed that the housemaids were not trained to take care of infants and that there is need to include the component of infant care in the house maids training curriculum. It was clear from the findings that maids training centers are not registered, their curriculum is not approved by any organization and no quality assurance policy in place. These training centers are run by former housemaids whose educational levels are low. The instructional materials are inadequate, classes over crowded, and the training duration too short (averaging 2 weeks). It was established that house maids are not trained to take care of infants.

Keywords: aids training centres, house maids, infant care, curriculum, capacity, training

References:

[1] Adams, K. L. and Adams, D. E. (2003). Urban education: A reference Handbook. pp. 31–32. Oxford: ABC CLIO Inc.

[2] Adeogun, A.A. (2001). The principal and the financial management of public secondary schools in Osun State. Journal of Educational System and Development. 5(1), pp.1 - 10.

[3] Archieve, B. (2008). Effect of Training and Manpower Development on Productivity of Workers, New York, Harper and Row Publishers

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[8] Braslavsky, C. (n. d.) The curriculum. Unpublished working document. UNESCO International Bureau of Education.

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[12] Basic Education.

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[17] Influences on Leadership Skills. Journal of Leadership Education, 11(1), 84-101

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[19] Kelly, A. V. (2009). The curriculum: Theory and practice (pp. 1–55). Newbury Park, CA: Sage.

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[21] Obe, O. T. (2014). The effect of teachers’ qualifications on students’ performance in mathematics. Sky Journal of Educational Research Vol. 2(1), pp. 010 - 014, February, 2014

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Abstract:

E waste management should be globally accessed to improve ecological balance in the world. The valuable materials should be recycled using rudimentary techniques. There must be a treaty signed between developing and developed countries to further improve functional areas in environment and health implications caused due to the ill effects of E waste. Since the technology is increasing more the E waste is also generated. It is a serious issue to be concerned for further changes in the developing countries. We must refer the western waste management principles and international recycling technology that must be promoted for further assistance.

Keywords: reuse, recycle, refurbishment

References:

[1]. Brett H. Robinson, “E-waste management: An assessment of Global production and Environmental Impacts, “ Science of the Total Environment 408, no (2009):183-91

[2]. Freeman M.H. 1989. Standard Handbook of Hazardous waste treatment and disposal, McGraw- hill company, USA

[3]. www.google.com

Abstract:

Individuals diagnosed with HIV often have difficulty disclosing their status to others, yet hiding the diagnosis can have serious implications. Disclosure of HIV status involves a process of decision-making, based upon numerous factors. This study was done to explore the reasons why some women disclose and some do not disclose their HIV status.

The study was conducted in a regional hospital in Manzini. The researcher employed the qualitative descriptive phenomenological methodology. Convenience and purposive sampling were utilized, and the data collection methods were in-depth Interviewing methods. A total of 15 pregnant women attending antenatal care were interviewed.

Most prominent reasons for disclosure of the HIV status by pregnant women attended to for the PMTCT program were that of the need to practice safer sex. Some felt the need to disclose because it would make their sexual partners to protect the unborn babies and to reduce the chances of re-infection. Most women who disclosed stated that they were so hurt by finding themselves HIV positive yet, they knew that they were faithful to their sexual partners. Some stated that they needed somebody to share the pain with. Some women stated that they did not disclose their HIV statuses out of fear of lack of support and probably domestic violence.

Keywords: Disclosure, HIV, PMTCT, domestic violence, SWAGAA, antenatal care.

References:

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Abstract:

Objective: To investigate whether Myrobalan powder has an anti-inflammatory effect on colonic inflammation and to explore the mechanism involved.

Materials and Methods: Myrobalan powder was orally administrated to trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis mice at the dose of 3, 6, and 12 g/kg/d for 7 consecutive days. Body weight, stool consistency, histopathological score, and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity were tested to evaluate the effect of Myrobalan powder on colonic inflammation while colonic enterochromaffin (EC) cell density and serotonin 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) content were investigated to identify the effect of Myrobalan powder on colonic 5-HT availability.

Results: The results showed that the body weight of colitis mice was markedly decreased by 10, 12, 14, and 17% at 1, 3, 5, and 7 days (P< 0.05), whereas stool consistency score (3.6 vs. 0.4, P< 0.05), histopathological score (3.6 vs. 0.3, P< 0.05), and MPO activity (2.7 vs. 0.1,P< 0.05) in colitis mice were significantly increased compared to that of the normal mice; Myrobalan powder treatment dose-dependently increased the body weight (7–13% increase) and decreased the stool consistency score (0.4–1.4 decrease), histopathological score (0.2–0.7 decrease), and MPO activity (0.1–0.9 decrease) in colitis mice. Colonic EC cell density (70% increase) and 5-HT content (40% increase) were markedly increased in colitis mice (P< 0.05), Myrobalan powder treatment dose-dependently reduced EC cell density (20–50% decrease), and 5-HT content (5–27% decrease) in colitis mice.

Conclusion: The findings demonstrate that the anti-inflammatory effect of Myrobalan powder on TNBS - induced colitis may be mediated via reducing EC cell hyperplasia and 5-HT content. The important role of Myrobalan powder in regulating colonic EC cell number and 5-HT content may provide an alternative therapy for colonic inflammation.

Keywords: Colonic inflammation, enterochromaffin cell, serotonin, ulcerative colitis

References:

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Abstract:

The study assessed tutor’s knowledge and attitude on active teaching and learning (ATL) approaches in health training institutions. It established and recommended supportive strategies that promote implementation of ATL process.

The study used descriptive and cross sectional survey designs for data collection in October 2016, using a questionnaire from 40 respondents selected using purposive, and random sampling techniques, analysed using SPSS and presented in tables and figures.

The study found 34 (85 %) respondents knew the meaning of ATL, 6 (15%) tutors and clinical instructors did not understand ATL: tutors perceived ATL positively than clinical instructors, 32(89%) were using lecture method. Therefore, study concludes that, tutors and clinical instructors are not well sensitized on ATL leading to continued use of traditional methods, hence less practice of ATL.

The researcher recommends that ATL be introduced to all teachers through Continuous Professional Development (CPD) and Refresher Programs to effectively implement ATL.

References:

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Abstract:

In last twenty years IT world has come across a dramatic change particularly in the field of communications and IT Infrastructure. The Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) service of cloud computing is becoming more popular day by day due to its overwhelming technical and financial offerings. OpenStack Networking is a standalone service. The main process of the OpenStack Networking server is quantum-server that is responsible for managing user requests to Compute Node, Storage Node and to other components in the entire network. Therefore, a pin-point in an OpenStack network platform is that after received the instruction through the dashboard the entire instruction set is directed in the network developed only through the Controller Node. It is considered a crucial point in the whole network as if for any reason the link is broken to the Controller Node no instruction to pass through to the intended node. This will result in a complete downtime of the network. Keeping this point in mind a standby Controller Node is proposed with addition of a Link Node for managing the controllers and thus maximum uptime is ensured.

References:

[1]. Anala M R, Shobha G, Autonomic Computing in Virtualized Environment, International Journal of Information Technology Convergence and Services (IJITCS) Vol.2, No.1, February 2012. DOI : 10.5121/ijitcs.2012.2108 pp 67-74

[2]. Anala M R, Shobha G, Application of Autonomic Computing principles in Virtualized Environment, Journal of Computer Science & Information Technology (CS & IT), pp. 203–208, 2012.

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[4]. JyothiSetty, Anala M R, Shobha G, A Survey of Secure Live Migration of Virtual Machines, International Journal of Computer Applications (0975 – 8887) Volume 39– No.12, February 2012

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Abstract:

This article is an attempt to precede with the validation that pertinence of citations in scientific articles is a core problem in citation analytics.

In this study, an empirical investigation of pertinence of citations made in Indian Journal of Chemistry A is presented. In this particular study, citations made in the introduction sections in issues published from 1999 to 2007 were analyzed. An empirical scientific article was randomly selected every issue published, and the pertinence of selected article was determined.

The result showed that less than 20% of the citations were pertinent to the study. Overall, over 80% of citations made in the introduction sections may not be applicable in the computation of effective impact of publications.

References:

[1]. Adedayo, A. V. 2016a Evaluation of Content Pertinence through Citation Count; Journal of Scientometric Research; Vol. 5, No. 1; pp 98-99

[2]. Adedayo, A. V. 2016b Discouraging Honorific Citation; Journal of Scientometric Research; Vol. 5, No. 2; pp 34-39

[3]. Adedayo, A V 2015a Framework for Deciding Effective Impact of Publications, Journal of Scientific Research and Reports, Vol. 8; No. 1, pp. 1- 4; DOI: 10.9734/JSRR/2015/18448

[4]. Adedayo, A V 2015b Pricing De Solla Price’s Circumvent, Advances in Research, Vol. 3; No. 5, pp. 488-492; DOI : 10.9734/AIR/2015/14630

[5]. Adedayo, A. V. (2015c) Citations in Introduction and Literature Review Sections Should not Count for Quality, Emerald Journal of Performance Measurement and Metrics, Vol. 16; No. 3, pp. 1-5

[6]. Adedayo, A.V. (2014a) Downsides of Impact Factor as a Valid Criterion of Quality Publications, Elixir International Journal of Library and Information Science, Vol 67, pp 21918 – 21920

[7]. Adedayo, A.V. (2014b) Proper Psychology for Performance of Publications, Research Journal in Organizational Psychology and Educational Studies, Vol. 3, No 4, pp. 327-329

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http://www.ascb.org/SFdeclaration.html

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[12]. Hubbard, S.C.; McVeigh, M.E. (2011) Casting A Wide Net: The Journal Impact Factor Numerator, Available at: http://ip-science.thomsonreuters.com/m/pdfs/LP_Hubbard_McVeigh_final.pdf (Accessed on: 15th August, 2016)

[13]. Larivière, V.; Kiermer, V.; MacCallum, C.J.; McNutt, M.; Patterson, M.; Pulverer, P.; Swaminathan, S.; Taylor, S.; Curry, S. (2016) A simple proposal for the publication of journal citation distribution; Availble at: http://biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2016/07/05/062109.full.pdf (Accessed on: 20th August, 2016)

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Abstract:

The evolution of Information Technology (IT) has undoubtedly catalysed the growth and advancement of higher education through its e-learning (online) education systems. Whereas there are many valuable research works on the dynamics of the tangible and some aspects of the intangible means by which IT has played its famous roles in advancing the e-learning education system, the same cannot also be said about empirical studies that focus on identifying and evaluating solutions to certain psychological issues that critically affect many adult learners. While the IT tangible attributes include systems, tools and platforms, the intangibles are the nonphysical factors that influence designs and delivery strategies, policies within the sector, and service consumer’s preferences. Beyond the physicals, the intangible elements have significantly influenced the evolution of the e-learning education system of the information age in very critical ways, howbeit unnoticeably.

Further to the popular E-learning systems’ attributes of cost-effectiveness, flexibility, availability and accessibility considered as major attractions for its rapid grow, there are the silent but salient attributes of Dynamic Personal Learning Environment whose right application is capable of offering very potent solutions to the subsisting but largely ignored challenges of Learning Anxiety Disorder (LAD). The concept of LAD is derived from Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD); and, it is construed to be a product of unwarranted self-consciousness, misappropriated Ego, severe Shyness, and Phobia resulting into learning inhibitions, disenchantment for socially-involved learning and possible diminution of cognitive abilities.

Therefore, this project is set to examine the notion of Learning Anxiety Disorder (LAD), evaluate the potency of Information Technology in addressing its challenges to the adult learner; and assess available mitigation strategies through the e-learning Dynamic Personal Learning Environments features. The objective shall be to find how these can be harnessed for innovative policies and practices aimed at making the e-learning system and its products much more viable in comparison.

Keywords: E-Learning, Online Studies, Open and Distance Education, socially-involved learning, Severe Shyness, Phobia, Ego, Learning Anxiety Disorder (LAD), Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD), Personal Learning Environment, Information Technology Intangible elements.

References:

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Abstract:

The purpose of the study was to determine the characteristics and other factors that Daystar University National and International Students exhibit during their interactions and which are likely to affect the quality of their interactions. Further, it sought to classify these characteristics according to the levels of intercultural communication, describe the process they use to restore relationships when misunderstanding occurs, and to suggest an intercultural communication model that would help both national and international students to communicate effectively. Qualitative research approach was used as method of data collection: Focus Group Discussions and In-Depth Interview sessions were organized. The study found that intercultural interactions in Daystar University Students were not as healthy as they should be because some were characterized by factors that are not conducive to fruitful interactions. On the one hand, among other characteristics, national students tend to be individualistic, not caring, assertive, and aggressive. On the other hand, International Students tend to cluster in groups according to their countries of origins and or regions and have a tendency to withdraw whenever misunderstanding occurs. Age, gender, money and environment were the other factors that impact negatively the quality of interactions between the two categories of students. In relation to these findings, the researcher posited that improvement of human interactions between National and International Students and other members of the University is possible if: 1) Students could be helped to meet regularly and share their communication experiences, 2) The current orientation training program could be completely revisited in both content and procedures of execution, 3) An intercultural communication forum could be organized each semester for everybody in the University so that difficulties encountered could be shared and discussed in a way that leads to mutual understanding not only between students but also between students and other members of Daystar University as a community, and 4) Intercultural communication video programmes, seminars and conferences based on intercultural communication case studies could be organized in the University.

References:

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Abstract:

Objective: This study attempts to establish the role broadband plays in spurring innovations in Kenya. It discusses the importance of innovations in socio-economic development and the need for a regulatory framework to improve broadband infrastructure developments in Kenya.

Background: In the last few years, Kenya has experienced an increase in the number of ICT enabled innovation hubs (Tech Hubs). Although they are few in number and generally not popular, there is great potential for broadband-based innovations in Kenya. The government has also invested heavily in broadband provision. Most of the innovations witnessed in Kenya are broadband enabled. There is need to provide policy, legal and regulatory environment to enable these innovations to flourish. The National Innovation System is the framework adopted for the study.

Methodology: The study utilizes the dimensions of the Kenya National Innovation System as a basis of assessing the role of broadband in spurring innovation in Kenya. A descriptive quantitative study is adopted for this research. Data was collected from existing records, literature review and through interviews. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the data.

Results: There is a relationship between broadband diffusion and innovations development in Kenya. Broadband plays an important role in spurring innovations. Regulatory environment is vital in broadband infrastructure development in order to encourage innovations.

Conclusion: The government should put in place policies and mechanisms to encourage innovations. Collaboration, investments in research and development should be encouraged between private and public institutions. A more detailed study on broadband enabled innovation is recommended for each sector of the economy.

Keywords: Broadband, Innovations, Policy, Innovation Hubs, Start-ups, National Innovation System (NIS)

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Abstract:

Parenting is a challenging process. The crucial role of parents and family in caring, nurturing, protecting and socializing young children is well established across the cultures. Strong parent-child connectedness improves child academic outcomes, self esteem, mental health and has later protective effects of reducing the likelihood of alcohol and drug use in adolescence, high risk sexual behaviour and involvements in interpersonal violence (Lezin et al., 2004). Parenting can influence children’s social, emotional, and academic adjustment, efforts have been made to determine factors that affect parenting behavior. One such factor is parenting stress. Parenting stress can be defined as excess anxiety and tension specifically related to the role of a parent and to parent-child interactions (Abidin, 1995). When the parents learn that the child is having some form of disability, it causes enormous distress to them. Giving birth to a mentally challenged children or other disabled child is an unexpected stressful event which affects the whole family. Such an event may impair family development and may continue over time affecting the entire family system. The presence of a mentally challenged child in the family has far reaching implication for the family as a whole. The impact of the disability and problem associated with it are not restricted to the child but extend far beyond the child and affects a number of areas of family functioning as well as individual’s adjustment. Parents go through intense emotional and psychological stress and may have fewer resources of emotional gratification. They may consider mentally handicapped child as a threat to their self esteem and view themselves as a source of disability. They struggle to cope with the financial costs, parents also are confronted with new and unexpected experiences. Parents with disabled child may have higher levels of stress and lower levels of well being than with the normal children (Rangaswamy and Bhavani, 2008). In order to have better understanding of the factors that influence parenting stress which plays a crucial role in development of child both normal and challenged, the present study was undertaken with the objective to compare the level of stress among parents between normal and mentally challenged children

References: