Abstract:

Job satisfaction has something to do with how committed an employee is towards its company which is a very important factor. Job satisfaction is a very important subject in the professional world and numerous researches have been done and still been done on this topic to better answer the hypothesis surrounding job satisfaction

The researcher has chosen to study this issue because she happens to have been an employee of company under case study for a cumulative period of two (2) years where in she at some point experienced low job satisfaction about the job and other colleagues shared the same feeling. The researcher is interested in this topic so that, from the results obtained, the management will be aware of the many reasons why employees in their company have low, little or no job satisfaction of which they tend to neglect.

Research objectives

1.   To measure the workers’ job satisfaction level.

2.   To identify the factors influencing job satisfaction.

3.   To know how the workers’ satisfaction towards job, influence degree of work fulfillment.

4.   To identify the attitude of employees towards job.

5.   To suggest the ways to improve job satisfaction.

References:

[1].    Aarti Sharma, (2013). Job satisfaction among bank employees. International Journal of Scientific and Technology Research, Vol.2, Issue 8.

[2].    Abbas. S.M Shariq (2011). Banking professionals and attitudinal dimensions of job satisfaction: A descriptive study. International Journal of Research in Commerce, I.T, and Management. Vol. 1, Issue 6.

[3].    Annierah Maulana Usop (2013) Work performance and job satisfaction among teachers.

[4].    International Journal of Humanities and Social Science. Vol.3, No.5, pp. 245-252.

[5].    www.google.com (Retrieved on 15th June, 2018).

[6].    www.wikipedia.com Retrieved on 15th June, 2018).

[7].    www.dorj.org.

[8].    www.jurn.org.

Abstract:

Gender based violence exposure happens in different social contexts of children’s lives including families and communities. This often occurs in different form of violence exposures. Children are likely to be exposed to violence at a tender age and when they grow a bit old. In Zambia, Children in high-density populated areas are disadvantaged and are more exposed to violence. For young children, it has been identified that where violence affects the one who is taking care of the child it means the child will be affected too. As the child grows with this violence exposure, the child’s social, mental, emotional and academic performance out comes may be affected.

Children’s exposure to violence has received less attention than of older children, it is an especially important developmental period when children are developing social and cognitive skills and preparing for transition to formal schooling. Gender based violence can be the evil in terms of child development.

Violence exposure in the lives of children can include different ways of which children experience. This can be within the family and the community and this affects the physical, emotional and mental development in a child.

In Zambia, Gender-based violence' is a form violence that has come on the scene and very common. This has brought problems in most people’s lives and causing children to suffer also and in some cases, children ending up to be living on the streets resulting in street children and poor performance in school, in some cases children even drop out of school. Gender based violence is mostly inflicted by men on women. Women are the most victims of gender-based violence and this leads children to be exposed to different forms of violence. This is so because most of the time women are always with the children.

When young children are exposed to violence in the community and in their families, their behavior out comes is questionable. According to the ministerial, report by the Minister of Gender 2015 states, “Children who witness or are the victims of violence may learn to believe that violence is a reasonable way to resolve conflict between people. Boys who learn that women are not to be valued or respected and who see violence directed against women are more likely to abuse women when they grow up.

Keywords: Gender, Gender based violence, Child development, Impact, Witnessing, Hearing.

References:

[1].     Achenbach, T. (1991). Manual for the Child Behavior Checklist, University Associates, Burlington, VT.Google Scholar.

[2].     Augustyn, M., Parker, S., Groves, B. M., and Zuckerman, B. (1995). Children who witness violence. Contemp. Ped. 12: 35-57.Google Scholar.

[3].     Baron, R. M., and Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. J. Personal. Social Psychol. 51: 1173-1182.Google Scholar.

[4].     Basic Behavioral Science Task Force of the National Advisory Mental. Health Council. (1996a). Basic behavioral science research for mental health: Vulnerability and resilience. Am. Psychologist 51: 22-28.Google Scholar.

[5].     Ellsberg, M., D. J. Arango, M. Morton, et al. (2015) Prevention violence against women and girls: what does the evidence say? Violence against women and girls 1.

[6].     The Lancet [published online]. 4. Garcia-Moreno, C., C. Zimmerman, A. Morris-Gehring, et al. (2015) Addressing violence against women: a call to action. Violence against.

[7].     Ministerial statement on Gender Based Violence in Zambia March 2017. Assessed on internet 0n 2nd November 2018.

Abstract:

Since its formation in 1980, The Southern African Development Community (SADC) (formerly SADCC) has been confronted with a number of conflict cases within its membership. The conflicts include, but indeed not limited to, civil wars in Angola and DRC and political instability in Lesotho, Madagascar, South Africa and Zimbabwe. The Democratic Republic of Congo and the Zimbabwean conflicts are contemporary yet internecine test cases a propos the competence and relevance of SADC in providing the so-called “African solutions to African problems”. SADC, through its various organs has been involved in the resolution of these conflicts. Nonetheless, SADC has found itself in intricate circumstances and perceptibly unsatisfactory principally as it dealt with Zimbabwe and the DRC. The paper traces the development of conflict in the DRC and Zimbabwe. It traces the historical performance of the SADC in conflict resolution in southern Africa. It is the aim of the paper to assess SADC performance in conflict resolution in the region, particularly in Zimbabwe and the DRC.

References:

[1].     Dahlen. I. A. S, SADC and the war in the Democratic republic of Congo: a critical view on the role of a regional organization in a conflict-torn memberstate, I.A.S. Dahlen, 2005, 82.

[2].     Feddious Mutenheri, South-South Co-operation or Sub-Imperialism: South African “Quiet” Diplomacy, SADC Docility, and the Underdevelopment of Zimbabwe. Journal of Sustainable Development in Africa. (unpublished).

[3].     Francis. D, Uniting Africa: Building Regional Peace and Security Systems, 2006, Google Books.com.

[4].     Oxfam, A Forgotten War—A Forgotten Emergency: The Democratic Republic of Congo, a Policy Paper, December 2000, provides many details and statistics, as well as criticism of the lack of international support.

[5].     Richard Abel, "A Comparative Theory of Dispute Institutions in Society" (1973) 8 Law & Society Review 217 at 217.

[6].     Shah. A, The Democratic Republic of Congo, Global Issues, Thursday, March 27, 2008.

[7].     Stella Ting-Toomey et. al, "Toward a Theory of Conflict and Culture." In Communication, Culture and Organizational Processes, Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, 1985, at 72.

[8].     http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SADC.

[9].     http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_African_Development_Community.

[10]. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conflict_resolution.

[11]. (http://www.getloud.ca/en/gpi_issues.asp?id=12).

[12]. http://www.thetimes.co.za/PrintEdition/PDFs/TsvangiraiLetter.pdf.

[13]. http://www.swradioafrica.com.

[14]. http://www.sadc.int/archives/read/news/236).

Abstract:

This paper provides information about the worker's productivity and performances in Nigerian public service operations. It clearly outlines the productivity and performances decrease that faces employees inside of workplace of Nigerian public sector. The article further argues that the deficiency in the perfect usage of technology, computer systems and communication networks (internet) is lack of interest of the organization to prepare a training schedule. It is the failures of respective Ministries and Agencies (Heads of Affairs) to train the staff on the use of technology in work place. These factors are among others which effect on the productivity and performances causing the employees to be less productive at their workplaces. Consequently, this has the negative effect on the economy. In addition, the decrease of individual productivity and performances is evidenced via the outcome of the survey of individuals who has shortage of interest of the management to prepare a time training schedule and system of computing to work within the country of Nigeria. Therefore, the paper recommends measures which should be taken to improve productivity and performances of workers by training them on Computer technology. The training can be inside or outside in the organization, which could lead to improvement in the input /output performances of individual work staff, all workforce and economic development of Nigeria in general.

Keywords: Technology; Training; Computing System; Internet; Workers Performances & Productivity.

References:

[1].     Andriessen, Daniel (2004). "Reconciling the rigor-relevance dilemma in intellectual capital research". The Learning Organization. 11 (4/5): 393–401. doi:10.1108/09696470410538288.

[2].     Alavi, Maryam; Leidner, Dorothy E. (2001). "Review: Knowledge Management and Knowledge Management Systems: Conceptual Foundations and Research Issues". MIS Quarterly. 25 (1): 107–136. doi:10.2307/3250961. JSTOR 3250961.

[3].     Bontis, Nick; Choo, Chun Wei (2002). The Strategic Management of Intellectual Capital and Organizational Knowledge. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-513866-X.

[4].     Colombo E, Stanca L (2008)The Impact of Training on Productivity: Evidence from a Large Panel of Firms 35: 1140-1150.

[5].     Doroshev VG (1988) Physiological regulation at the workplace. Nauka Press, Leningrad.

[6].     Ferguson, J. (2005). "Bridging the gap between research and practice". Knowledge Management for Development Journal. 1 (3): 46–54.

[7].     Gavrilov EV, Dmitrichenko MF, Dolya VK (2008) Systemology in transport. Ergonomics. Znannya Press, Kiev.

[8].     Groth, Kristina. "Using social networks for knowledge management" (PDF). Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden. Retrieved 18 April 2013.

[9].     Hayes, M.; Walsham, G. (2003). "Knowledge sharing and ICTs: A relational perspective". In Easterby-Smith, M.; Lyles, M.A. The Blackwell Handbook of Organizational Learning and Knowledge Management. Malden, MA: Blackwell. pp. 54–77. ISBN 978-0-631-22672-7.

[10]. John V, Reenen RS (2005) information technology and productivity. It ain’t what you do it’s the way that you do I.T.

[11]. Konings J Vanormelingen S (2010) The impact of training on productivity and wages: firm level evidence, IZA Discussion Papers, No. 4731.

[12]. Kristen P, Lee R. Pew Research Center (December 2014) Technology’s Impact on Workers.

[13]. Kimmo P (2012) The impact of communication technologies on individual workers’ productivity. k77303.

[14]. Konings J, Vanormelingen S (2009) The Impact of training on productivity and wages: Firm Level Evidence, Discussion. Paper No. 244.

[15]. Mark D, Timothy D, Kenneth T (1997) Workers, wages, and technology. Q J Econ 112: 253-290.

[16]. Milton Kazmeyer (2007). Expert Computers, Astronomy, Alternative Energy sources and the Environment.

[17]. Mariposa Leadership; Technology -- Is It Helping Communication in Your Workplace?; Aug 02, 2007

[18]. Maier, R. (2007). Knowledge Management Systems: Information and Communication Technologies for Knowledge Management (3rd edition). Berlin: Springer.

[19]. Nanjappa, Aloka; Grant, Michael M. (2003). "Constructing on constructivism: The role of technology" (PDF). Electronic Journal for the Integration of Technology in Education. 2 (1). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2008-12-17.

[20]. Nonaka, Ikujiro; Takeuchi, Hirotaka (1995). The knowledge creating company: how Japanese companies create the dynamics of innovation. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 284. ISBN 978-0-19-509269-1.

[21]. Nonaka, I.; von Krogh, G. & Voelpel S. (2006). "Organizational knowledge creation theory: Evolutionary paths and future advances" (PDF). Organization Studies. 27 (8): 1179–1208. doi:10.1177/0170840606066312.

[22]. Nottingham Trent University; A Study of the Impact of Information Technology on Business; Julie Eatock et al.

[23]. BusinessWings.co.uk; The Importance of Backing up Data Files; Vickie Lamb.

[24]. Small Business Bible: Some Advantages and Disadvantages of Information Technology.

[25]. Rohan S, Madhumita M (2012) Impact of Training Practices on Employee Productivity: A Comparative Study 2: 87-92.

[26]. "Rhetorical Structure Theory Website". RST. Retrieved 19 April 2013.

[27]. Snowden, Dave (2002). "Complex Acts of Knowing – Paradox and Descriptive Self Awareness". Journal of Knowledge Management, Special Issue. 6 (2): 100–111. doi:10.1108/13673270210424639.

[28]. Sepulveda F (2005) Training and Productivity: Evidence for US Manufacturing Industries. Oxf Econ 62: 504-528.

[29]. Serenko, Alexander; Bontis, Nick (2004). "Meta-review of knowledge management and intellectual capital literature: citation impact and research productivity rankings" (PDF). Knowledge and Process Management. 11 (3): 185–198. doi:10.1002/kpm.203. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2007-09-26.

[30]. Wyssusek, Boris. "Knowledge Management - A Sociopragmatic Approach (2001)". CiteSeerX. Retrieved 18 April 2013.

[31]. U.N. Food and Agriculture Organization: Computers as Management Tools.

Abstract:

The desk review of literatures in strategic management and corporate planning as tools in organizations strategic operational framework shows excellent prospects in management of corporate establishments.

World-wide, products like Coca-Cola soft-drink and Maggi cubes for cooking, have been household consumer goods. Their availability at all times is attributed to Strategic Management and Corporate Planning techniques adopted in creating the brands. It is being observed that these products had foreign origins with good leadership lifestyle. In Nigeria for instant, they were incorporated over 50years ago as Multi-National Companies (MNCs). This study reveals that the applications of strategic management and corporate planning are indispensable management tools that gave leverage to prosper growth and maintain high market shares.

The study key findings show that availability of aforementioned products’ success story factors come from the combination of strategic corporate planning of people, process, marketing and leadership style. The study made some policy recommendations that: There is strong need for manufacturing organizations operating in a dynamic environment wrapped with economic uncertainty to embark on realistic and systematic implementation of strategic management and corporate planning principles to overcome challenges. For business development, market leadership and desires for perpetual effectiveness, there is strong need of good strategic management and corporate planning as tools to enhance business prospects. The application of strategic management and corporate planning is desirable for organizations to continue being in operations no-matter the economic business trends.

Keywords: Strategic Management, Corporate Planning Decision-making, Continuous Organization, Efficiency, Growth, and Products.

References:

[1].     August W. Giebelhaus (May 13, 2008). "Coca-Cola Company". The New Georgia Encyclopedia. Georgia Humanities Council.

[2].     Brian Hill (2013) "The Making of a Bestseller," "Inside Secrets to Venture Capital," "Attracting Capital from Angels" and his latest book, published in 2013, "The Pocket Small Business Owner's Guide to Business Plans."

[3].     BCG-Philip Evans-Rethinking Strategy for an Age of Digital Disruption-March 2001.

[4].     Cameron, Bobby Thomas. (2014). Using responsive evaluation in Strategic Management. Strategic Leadership Review 4 (2), 22-27.

[5].     David Besanko, David Dranove, Scott Schaefer, and Mark Shanley (2012) Economics of Strategy, John Wiley & Sons, ISBN 978-1118273630.

[6].     The Economics – Strategic Planning – March 2009.

[7].     Ghemawat, Pankaj (Spring 2002). "Competition and Business Strategy in Historical Perspective". Business History Review. SSRN 264528.

[8].     Hill, Charles W.L., Gareth R. Jones, Strategic Management Theory: An Integrated Approach, Cengage Learning, 10th edition 2012.

[9].     Kemp, Roger L. (2008) ."Strategic Planning for Local Government: A Handbook for Officials and Citizens," McFarland and Co., Inc., Jefferson, NC, USA, and London, England, UK, 2008 (ISBN 978-0-7864-3873-0).

[10]. Kvint, Vladimir (2009). The Global Emerging Market: Strategic Management and Economics. Routeledge.

[11]. Laszio, Chris and Zhexembayeva, Nadya (April 25, 2011) ‘’Embedded Sustainability: A strategy for market leaders’’ The European Financial Review.

[12]. Laszio, C. and Zhexembayeva, N. (2011) ‘’Embedded Sustainability: The Next Big Competitive Advantage. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press. ISBN 0.804-77554-0.

[13]. Michael Porter (1996). What is Strategy? -Harvard Business Review-November1996.

[14]. Michael Porter-Strategy and the Internet-Harvard Business Review-March 2001.

[15]. Mickeown, Max, The Strategy Book, FT Prentic Hall, 2012.

[16]. Mintzberg, Henry (1987). "Why Organizations Need Strategy". California Management Review (Fall 1987).

[17]. Mintzberg, Henry and, Quinn, James Brian (1996). The Strategy Process: Concepts, Contexts, Cases. Prentice Hall. ISBN 978-0-13-234030-4.

[18]. Mintzberg, Henry (1973). The Nature of Managerial Work, Harper and Row, New York, 1973, page 38.

[19]. Mulccaster, W.R. (2009). Three Strategic Frameworks, ‘’Business Strategy Series, Vol10, No 1, pp 68-75.

[20]. Nag, R.; Hambrick, D. C.; Chen, M.-J (2007). "What is strategic management, really? Inductive derivation of a consensus definition of the field"(PDF).Strategic Management Journal.28 (9): 935–955. doi:10.1002/smj.615. Retrieved October 22, 2012.

[21]. Rumelt, Richard P. (2011). Good Strategy / Bad Strategy. Crown Business. ISBN 978-0-307-88623-1.

[22]. Scott Armstrong J. & Kesten C. Greene (2007) ‘’Competitor-oriented Objectives:

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[26].Zhexembayeva, N. (2014). Overfished Ocean Strategy: Powering Up Innovation for a Resource-Depleted World. San Francico, CA: Berret-Koehler Publishers. ISBN 1 609-94964-1.

Abstract:

Project management is the discipline of planning, organizing, securing, managing, leading and controlling resources to achieve specific goals (kshama, 2018). Driver and Vehicle Licensing Authority is a semi-autonomous public sector organization that promote good driving standards and establish methods for the training and testing of driving instructors and drivers of motor vehicle and riders of motor cycles in Ghana. Of recent, there have been a lot of road accidents as a result of poor driving practices. This study is to address some of the contributing factors by analyzing the project management principles in the service organization by focusing on the process of issuing driver’s license by DVLA. Several literatures assess the concept of driving license.

300 respondents made up of employee and customers of the firm were sampled for the study. The mix method was employed in collection of data whilst the purposive sampling and simple random sampling techniques were used. The findings of the study indicate that an applicant is eligible for a driver’s license if he/she is 18 years and above and must have attended an accredited driving school.

The study found that, there are delays in the operations of DVLA due to the manual process they employ, the trend been currently used to register applicant and book them for exam and driving test as well as the time wasted in the printing and issuance of driver’s license. Customers are very dissatisfied with the manure of operation especially customer service and accessibility to information in the company.

keywords: Applicants, Driver and Vehicle licensing Authority, Probationary, Satisfaction, Semi-autonomous.

References:

[1].     Dioff (2001) IFLA Licensing Principles. Approved by IFLA’s Executive Board. March, 2001.

[2].     Erling, s., Anderson, D.B., Svien, A.J., and Money, A.H, (2006). “Exploring project success”. Baltic Journal of Management, vol. 1ssue 2pp. 127-147.

[3].     Kshama. R. The Basic Principles of Project Management. ISEB Cerified corporate. UK.

[4].     Kumar, R. (2011). Research Methodology: A step-by-step guide for beginners. 3^rd edition. London: Sage publications.

[5].     Laslo (2010) Project Portfolio Management: An integrated method for resource planning and scheduling to minimizw planning: International Journal of Project management.28(6):609-618.

[6].     Murphy A & Ledwith A (2007) Project Management Tools and Technique in high-tech: Enterprise Research centre, Universituy of Limerish, Limerish, Ireland.

[7].     Roy, P. (2007) Self- Management and the future of software Design. Proceedings of the 3^rd International Workshop on Formal Aspects of Component Software (FACS 2006), electronics Notes in Theoretical Computer Science, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium, vol.182, pp201-207.

[8].     Sanders, M., Lewis, N. K., Philip and Thornhill, A (2009) Research Methods for Business students. 3^rd Edition. Harlow, financial Thesis/Prentice Hall London.

[9].     Shults. R.A & Ali (2010) Graduated Driver Licensing Research Review; Motor Vehicle Safety Winnable Battle. Morbidity and Mortality Report. USA.

[10]. Smit, P.J. & Cronje, G.J. de J. 2002. Management principles: A contemporary edition for Africa. 3rd edition. Cape Town.

[11]. Steyn, H. (Ed.). 2012. Project management: A multi-disciplinary approach.3rd reviewed edition. Pretoria Daily Mirror [Kampala]. 25^th June (2009). “Driving Permit Deal: URA Wants Firm to Prove Tax Exemption”.

[12]. New Vision [Kampala]. 29^th March (2009). “Change of Driving Permits Leaves Applicants Perplexed”.

Abstract:

Organizational theory and organizational economics both acknowledge the existence of the firm; research about the firm, and the organization of work and people followed the path of tracing responsibility, ownership, control, and the dispensation of the unit of work to create value for the owner otherwise referred to as investor/entrepreneurs and or the owner’s shareholders. In attempting to appreciate organizational economics, we discover that it actually is linked to define departments and divisions in the organization, resource allocation, the role hierarchy and control, the important role of contracts in the field, how decisions happen and where they occur from in an organization.

This research then leads to further understanding of organizational configuration which describes the way an organization is organized structurally and how their approach of doing business is described, this school of thought has been a big consideration within management research and thinking for many years; all this synthesized and guided by scholarly wisdom then discusses; an organizational economics view of the firm as a basis for the justification of the entrepreneurial organization’s existence and how foundational literature in management and organizational economics can be used to create the modern entrepreneurial organization structure lead by the coordinator called ‘The Entrepreneur’.

Keywords and terminologies: Firm, organization, entrepreneur, coordinator, organizational economics, management, structure.

References:

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Abstract:

.Early childhood is a crucial period for the development of children's mental functions; hence it needs to be handled by qualified teachers who are well motivated. The purpose of the study is to highlight some of the challenges faced by ECE teachers in rural areas and how much efforts have been made by government in terms of policies, funding, curriculum and infrastructure. A case study of early childhood provision in rural areas of Mongu district of Western Province, was presented as an example of challenges in a remote rural of Zambia. Using questionnaires and observations from the visited schools, ECE teachers are faced with a number of challenges. Based on this background, ECE teachers are supposed to be qualified in order to be able to comprehend the developmental process of ECE children. The study results revealed that most administrators, teachers, had very little knowledge on ECE provisions, and teachers were rarely monitored by standard officers to take stock of the ECE delivery system in rural areas. Also, among other findings, ECE teachers were overloaded with other responsibilities giving them less time to prepare adequately for their classes. The study was set to investigate challenges faced by preschool teachers in rural areas, and suggest measures that could be addressed by the government and other stakeholders to ensure that there is quality delivery of early childhood education regardless of the geographical positions of the centers. Other researchers who may be interested to verify on these challenges are free to do so.

Keywords: Early childhood education, curriculum, infrastructure, conducive environment, Policy

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