Abstract:

The main objective of this study was to find the prospects continuous professional development offer to lecturers at technical universities in Ghana. The researcher used two technical universities for the research. The study was qualitative in nature with a sample size of four-eight, comprising of six deans of faculty, six heads of department and thirty-six lecturers. Two interview schedules were used to collect the data. One of the schedules was used to collect data from the deans and the heads of department and the other was used to interview the lecturers. Some of the findings included that CPD helps lecturers at technical universities in Ghana to improve their teaching, research and managerial skills and competencies. CPD helps lecturers to conduct research and do publications which enhances their chances for promotion. The study also revealed that lecturers who embark on CPD face financial challenges. That aside, they also face sociological and psychological challenges. Sociologically, those who leave for further studies may not be able to make time for the family members and social events and can mar their social ties. When such people become isolated due to inability to socialise, or ignored by friends and colleges it can bring about psychological problems. It is recommended that lecturers should collaborate with other colleagues for research activities and publications. Moreover, all lecturers should budget every each to at least to attend one conference or workshop a year.

References:

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Abstract:

The purpose of this research study was to explore the relationship between corporate social responsibility (CSR) and competitive advantage, using MTN Uganda as a case study. The study employed a qualitative research design, utilizing semi-structured interviews with MTN Uganda executives, employees, and customers, as well as a review of company reports and other relevant documents. Thematic analysis was used to identify key themes and patterns related to the relationship between CSR and competitive advantage. The findings showed that MTN Uganda has effectively used its CSR initiatives to improve its competitive position in the telecommunications market. The study found that CSR activities that benefit society and the environment have increased customer loyalty, attracted, and retained employees, and enhanced the company’s brand image. The study concluded that adopting a strategic approach to CSR can provide a competitive advantage, and that CSR should not be viewed as a cost, but rather as an investment in a company’s future success. The recommendations from this study can provide insights for other companies seeking to achieve similar benefits from CSR initiatives and contribute to the existing body of research on CSR and competitive advantage.

References:

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Abstract:

Cross-sectional studies have been done to explore job satisfaction (JS) among pharmaceutical executives. However, limited evidence of increment or decrement in JS is provided in cross-sectional studies. Latent growth curve models provide a computational framework for evaluating changes in perception and behavior using longitudinal data. Drawing from Locke’s theory of satisfaction, the study explored change in the perception of JS among pharmaceutical executives. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to use a longitudinal design to explore the trajectory of change in JS among pharmaceutical marketing executives using unconditional latent growth curve analysis. Data were collected using an online survey questionnaire from a cohort sample of 1,023 pharmaceutical executives over 3 unequal time waves- T1 (406, June 2021) during COVID-19; and post-COVID periods-T2 (401, July 2022); and T3 (216, March 2023) using random sampling. Covariance-based structural equation modeling in EQS 6.4 was used for analysis. The model showed an acceptable fit. The mean score of JS was significant and positive (Intercept factor; M=2.265, p<0.01). The positive linear growth trend in JS was obtained (growth factor increment=4.594, p<0.01) at each time point. Initial satisfaction states of individual executives were not necessarily linked to changes in mean values over time. The study observed that JS has been on a positive growth trajectory since the COVID-19 pandemic. The study indicates improvement in working conditions by employers since the pandemic and/or coping strategies by employees. This study gives a simple guide to performing latent growth analysis in behavioral research.

References:

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Abstract:

Virtual groups have been defined to be an assemblage of persons that are physically or administratively separated but work together concurrently and cooperatively on job procedures through correspondences as well as information technology for achieving definite objectives. Managing a virtual remote workgroup is difficult and requires additional competences when compared to traditional management. Many managers are not capable of remote working or trained for such work situations leading to challenges associated with fulfilment of responsibilities. There is a need for managers to acquire fresh skill set. Understanding the unique social aspects and computer mediated technicalities encompassing management of virtual workforces will enhance organisational productivity likewise create an efficient human resource management (HRM) structure that can enhance attainments. This article is an integrative review of literatures aimed at expanding human resources management scope. In-depth investigations of human resource management literatures, research and theories and their application as well as study of applicable models and theoretical frameworks which can be used to comprehend the peculiar nature of virtual organizations was extensively explored. Findings recognized crucial tasks likewise opportunities emanating from contemporary situations that warrant virtual, remote working and suggestions were proffered that managerial staff and human resource executives can utilize for imminent circumstances that might require innovative work techniques for enhanced organizational performance. Pragmatic indications credibly prove that implementing strategic human resource management (SHRM) processes and strategies in virtual organizations adds value to organisational performances with reference to improved efficiency, greater viability, and reduced staff turnover level.

References:

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[2] D’Urso, P.A., Graham, D., Krell, R., Maul, J.P., Pernsteiner, C., Shelton, D.K. & Piercy, G.W. (2015). An Exploration of Organizational Structure and Strategy in Virtual Organization: A Literature Review. Journal of Perspectives in Organizational Behaviour Management & Leadership, 1(1), 25-39.

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[4] Wang, B., Liu, Y., Qian, J. & Parker, S.K. (2020). Achieving Effective Remote Working During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Work Design Perspective’, Applied Psychology: An International Review, 0(0), 1-44. doi: 10.1111/apps.12290.

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Abstract:

The emergence of cell phones and the Internet has resulted in many people adopting e-commerce, particularly mobile banking. Mobile banking services are also being adopted in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), although at an early stage. This study aims to examine the intention of m-Banking users to continue using its applications. Data were collected from 120 customers with experience of using m-Banking. A regression analysis was carried out. Results revealed a positive link between perceived usefulness, performance, confidence, satisfaction, and continuous usage of m-Banking. The perceived cost had a negative impact on continuous usage. The study did not establish any relationship between quality of service and continuous usage. This study confirms the need to extend the TAM model when studying m-Banking adoption. The findings will be useful to banks in their m-Banking implementation strategies.

References:

[1] Y. Sulaiman and N. Jauhari, “The factors influencing mobile banking usage among university staff,” WSEAS Transactions on Business and Economics, vol. 18, pp. 179–189, 2021, doi: 10.37394/23207.2021.18.19.

[2] A.A. Shaikh and H. Karjaluoto, “Mobile banking adoption: A literature review,” Telematics and Informatics, vol. 32, no. 1. Elsevier Ltd, pp. 129–142, Feb. 01, 2015. doi: 10.1016/j.tele.2014.05.003.

[3] M. Jasim Alsamydai, S. Galib Yassen, H. Mustafa Alnaimi, D. Mousa Dajani, and I. Ali Al-Qirem, “the factors influencing customer usage of mobile banking services in jordan dima mousa dajani 4 & Ihab Ali Al-Qirem 5,” 2014. [Online]. Available: www.tjprc.org.

[4] B. Foroughi, M. Iranmanesh, and S. S. Hyun, “Understanding the determinants of mobile banking continuance usage intention,” Journal of Enterprise Information Management, vol. 32, no. 6, pp. 1015–1033, Oct. 2019, doi: 10.1108/JEIM-10-2018-0237.

[5] A. M.; Baabdullah, A. M. Baabdullah, A. A. Alalwan, N. P. Rana, H. Kizgin, and P. Patil, “Consumer use of mobile banking (M-Banking) in Saudi Arabia: Towards an integrated model Item Type Article Consumer Use of Mobile Banking (M-Banking) in Saudi Arabia: Towards an Integrated Model Consumer Use of Mobile Banking (M-Banking) in Saudi Arabia: Towards an Integrated Model,” 2018. [Online]. Available: http://hdl.handle.net/10454/17210.

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Abstract:

This study’s main purpose was to assess how well Zambian Breweries analysed business performance using SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats) and PESTLE (Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Legal, and Environmental) analytical approaches. The methodology involved the distribution of a survey through the Google Forms platform, to which 17 respondents answered, and the collection of data utilising that survey. The results of the study were generated by the Google platforms based on the respondents’ responses. According to the study’s findings, Zambian Breweries occasionally performed SWOT and PESTLE analyses to assess the internal and external environments of the business and to assist in decision-making. The study further shows that managers at Zambian Breweries use SWOT and PESTLE analyses to weigh the advantages and disadvantages of significant choices. SWOT and PESTLE assessments can be employed for both large and small projects, to make decisions on marketing campaigns, organisational changes, the adoption of new production methods, and the introduction of new products. The analysis phase involves gathering employee viewpoints, which enhances project understanding, acceptance, and execution. To understand how a company is operating, it is essential to understand its SWOT and PESTLE analyses. In order to build strategic strategies, businesses must perform comprehensive study, which calls for the SWOT and PESTLE studies. An internal environment study and competitive advantage identification are common goals of a SWOT analysis. PESTLE analysis can be used to look at the external factors that affect the business environment.

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Abstract:

The main purpose of this article is to examine the effect of economic growth on poverty reduction in Ghana using monetary measurement approach. A time series data was collected on the variables deemed to influence the above relationship including headcount poverty, government spending, inflation, unemployment, and per capita growth in GDP. The data span from 1990 to 2021 and was sourced from the World Development indicators wxebsite. The data was analyzed using autoregressive distributed lags (ARDL) regression model and augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) for unit root test. The findings showed that economic growth and government spending have an inverse but significant interrelationship with reduction of poverty. Also per capita GDP has a significant positive relationship with poverty reduction. The annual inflation levels have an inverse insignificant impact on poverty reduction. The relationship between unemployment and poverty alleviation is positive though insignificant. Government should put appropriate policies in place to sustain economic growth at appreciable levels in order to reduce poverty. Agricultural productivity should be improved to provide jobs for teeming unemployed youth. Inflation should be curtailed and kept at moderate levels to ginger economic activities in the country. The Government should spend on pro-poor activities and economic infrastructure to grow the economy, create jobs, reduce income disparity, and alleviate poverty.

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Abstract:

Corporate governance and corporate social responsibility (CSR) are two critical elements of modern business practices that have gained significant attention in recent years. The relationship between these two concepts has become increasingly important as organizations face growing pressure from stakeholders to not only perform economically but also to act in a socially responsible manner. The purpose of this research topic is to explore the good practices and prospects of corporate governance and CSR. The study examined the various approaches and methods used by organizations to ensure effective corporate governance and implement meaningful CSR programs. It also considered the challenges faced by organizations in balancing these two objectives and the role of stakeholders in promoting responsible corporate behavior. The findings of this research provide valuable insights into the current state of corporate governance and CSR and offer recommendations for future improvements and developments in these areas.

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Abstract:

The study was about the effect of exchange rate fluctuation on the management of foreign donor-funded program budgets. Humanitarian and development agencies receive funding from foreign donors, who require the program budgets and financial reports in their respective country currencies although the actual utilization of the budget in the host country’s local currency during the program implementation. The study explored currency conversion methods and identified the best principles for effective management of the effect of exchange rate fluctuation. The research design used was both quantitative and qualitative where relevant literature related to exchange methods, donor requirements, and average monthly exchange rate data were reviewed. The sampling year used in this study is 3 years, 2021 to 2023 and the currency sample selected was Uganda Shillings (UGX) and United States Dollars (USD). First In and First Out (FIFO), Weighted average exchange rate methods, and daily spot rate methods were the most common currency conversion methods identified during the study. The study further noted the currency conversion method chosen should be documented in the written financial manual of the grant holder for reference. The study identified budget monitoring, requests for budget amendment, effective planning, provision for contingency reserves in the budget, and constant communication with the donors among the best ways to manage the effect of exchange rate fluctuation. The Study, therefore concluded that exchange rate fluctuation has either adverse or favorable effects on foreign donor-funded program budget and needed to be closely monitored and communicated to the donor for further guidance.

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