Abstract:

The aim of this study was to examine the role trust plays in the success of online retailers, the findings of which will be used as a guide to Guyanese online retailers. The importance of this study was enhanced by the fact that there is an increase in the number of online retail shopping centers being created in Guyana owing to the Covid-19 pandemic and the recent liberalization of the telecommunications sector in Guyana. This research was conducted by way of systematic review using secondary data from published journals and academic sources within the period 2009-2024. It was underpinned by interpretivism and an inductive approach was employed. It was found that online trust is influenced by factors including cybersecurity, perceived risk, perceived technology, buyer uncertainty, culture, and online reviews. Overall, it plays a significant role in the success of online retailers. This study revealed that customers may trust one of the above aspects but not necessarily all of them collectively. Therefore, online retailers in Guyana, to ensure success, must work towards earning consumers' trust in all categories outlined. To enhance trust, it was recommended that online retailers have adequate security mechanisms such as end-to-end data encryption, pay keen attention to customer feedback, have clear delivery and return policies and display clear and accurate product descriptions.

References:

Abstract:

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has revolutionized the systems of organizations across the world during the last two decades or so. Recently, Generative Artificial Intelligence (GAI) has been discussed, debated, and studied in professional and academic research arenas. Various advantages and positive sides of GAI have been reported. However, empirically the perceptions and stance of organizations on the adoption of GAI has not been fully explored. Moreover, there is evidence that many organizations are hesitating to adopt GAI, but there are limited studies on reporting the actual challenges of organizations, particularly the challenges of business organizations while adopting GAI. Additionally, empirically it is yet to bring evidence of why certain challenges exist and what conditions are responsible for adopting challenges of GAI in business organizations. Therefore, this study is filling these gaps by exploring the challenges of business organizations while adopting GAI and investigating the driving factors for these challenges by looking at the case of business organizations in Canada. This research employs a case study method to study 20 Canadian Business organizations where GAI has potentially been used or the case of GAI is being considered for its adoption. The study will provide empirical evidence on the potential of GAI to enhance the competitive advantage of business organizations and the challenges that must be addressed to leverage the technology successfully. Moreover, the study will contribute to the existing body of knowledge on the implications and the use of GAI for global markets and the business world.

References:

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[22].  Kanbach, D. K., Heiduk, L., Blueher, G., Schreiter, M., & Lahmann, A., 2024, The GenAI is out of the bottle: generative artificial intelligence from a business model innovation perspective. Review of Managerial Science, 18(4), 1189-1220. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11846-023-00696-z

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[34].  Zhang, C., Zhang, C., Zheng, S., Qiao, Y., Li, C., Zhang, M., & Hong, C. S., 2023, A complete survey on generative ai (aigc): Is chatgpt from gpt-4 to gpt-5 all you need?. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.11717.

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Abstract:

Generative Artificial Intelligence (Gen AI) has significantly attracted the attention of global business organizations to foster innovation and productivity. Several researchers in a Canadian business context reveal that leaders prefer using Gen AI in business processes to increase productivity and bring smart and quick work. However, it is claimed that there the risks and challenges of Gen AI, such as ethical concerns and content development errors in business organizations. However, such challenges of the adoption of Gen AI have not yet been fully identified, and they are not thoroughly studied, especially in the context of business organizations. Moreover, there is a lack of a collection of strategies to deal with those challenges. This study is conducted to identify the challenges for the adoption of Gen AI in business organizations by looking at the case of Canada. This critical examination of relevant literature discusses the implementation of Gen AI in Canada's business sector and its deeper issues based on empirical evidence. The findings reveal that there are various issues, such as ethics, lack of readiness, limited training, and lack of finances, especially for small firms. Moreover, the suggestions are identified to address the existing challenges in business organizations. The study further found that Canadian leaders and government require a comprehensive regulatory policy to address the existing issues and improve the utilization of Gen AI to foster innovation through human interventions and balanced strategies.

References:

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Abstract:

This article explores the dominant leadership styles within Guyana's public sector, highlighting the interplay between the factors that shape leadership practices. The article is written based on the thesis “An Investigation of Leadership Styles’ Influence on Employees in Guyana’s Public Sector – A Case Study,” authored by Sven Douglas, one of the co-authors of this article. The thesis was done utilizing a mixed-methods approach; the study combined qualitative structured interviews with public sector leaders and quantitative surveys administered to a broader range of public servants. The analysis was done using statistical tools available for social sciences. These were Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Microsoft Excel. The findings reveal that the predominant leadership styles lean towards transformational and participative/democratic approaches, fostering collaboration and community engagement. However, some challenges can inhibit the effective implementation of these styles across all employees. This was evident, as many employees stated they were less motivated than their colleagues. The article also discusses the practical implications of the research, such as the need for more inclusive leadership styles, and the future direction that would serve to bridge or eliminate these gaps. By contributing to the understanding of leadership in a Guyanese context, this research aims to inform future initiatives to strengthen governance and public service delivery in Guyana.

References:

Abstract:

This paper examines the relationship between multinational corporations and international politics. Specifically, it seeks to determine how MNCs shape foreign policy through lobbying and corporate diplomacy, how MNCs further their economic interests in complex political environments, and how MNCs meet obligations to home countries while accepting global roles. The research utilized a mixed-methods approach. The qualitative research included a thematic analysis of company statements, policy documents, literature, executive experts, and policymaker interviews. In contrast, Quantitative data analysis tested the hypotheses on the relationships among MNC attributes, policy outcomes, and economic performance. Further, Reading reports, press releases, and selected case studies helped shed light on cross-industry and cross-country variations in the nature of MNC activities and the context-specific influences. From the analysis, the study found that MNCs have great effects on the politics of a country through influence on its foreign policy, lobbying, and corporate diplomacy. For instance, Regression analysis showed a very significant correlation between the size and industry of MNCs with political power. Additionally, the study found that MNCs actively promote their economic interests by engaging in strategic activities, partnerships, and lobbying. Further, Regression models and residual diagnostics confirmed that the MNCs significantly affect the home country's foreign policy and economic interests. The study findings are important to policymakers, companies, and investors in understanding how MNCs influence policy and business decisions. This paper emphasizes the role of corporate social responsibility and ethical considerations in the operation of MNCs and calls for public partnership in collaboration for sustainable development.

References:

Abstract:

This study investigated the challenges encountered by the Rose Hall Town Municipality and the Kilcoy/Hampshire Neighbourhood Democratic Council (N.D.C.) in managing resources for development to ensure effective and equitable service delivery. The research identified several critical obstacles, including limited financial resources, inadequate infrastructure, organizational inefficiencies, and governance issues. The study revealed a strong consensus among the surveyed population through a comprehensive analysis, indicating general agreement on the challenges and the effectiveness of current practices. This consensus underscores the need for a multifaceted approach to address these challenges, which included infrastructure upgrades, capacity building, enhanced financial management, and increased community engagement. The findings provided a solid foundation for continuing or enhancing existing strategies to improve resource management and service delivery, ultimately contributing to the well-being of all residents within these local governance frameworks.

References:

Abstract:

The work explores MNCs' multifaceted roles in global politics and economics, including their impact on foreign policy, trade negotiations, and local business frameworks. While lobbying by MNCs did not have statistically significant effects, the importance of corporate diplomacy and soft power as critical factors in economic diplomacy and international decision-making is transparent. The research also examines MNCs' influence on domestic industries, discovering a positive, though insignificant, correlation, thus suggesting that MNC enterprises could benefit the regional economy in ways that are difficult to measure. The results indicate that additional studies should be done to unveil the depth of MNC implications and that longitudinal and cross-cultural studies should be conducted to understand their effects better. It will increase our knowledge of policy-making, corporate management, and business ethics as necessities for sustaining results.

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Abstract:

This paper investigates the relationship between change management strategies and staff motivation level, focusing on how various approaches impact staff more, job satisfaction, and overall output. Change management strategies closely relate to staff motivation. In other words, highly motivated employees in terms of job satisfaction and more are less likely to resist change. The current study adopted a qualitative research method including a single case study comparing change management strategies in three commercial banks in Jamaica. Data was collected using semi-structured interviews and observations sent to senior managers and line employees at the selected commercial banks. NVivo software was used to code and identify common themes and patterns. The findings indicated that the banks shared similarities and differences regarding the strategies adopted and their influence on staff motivation. For instance, innovation, mentoring and training programs were common in all the banks. However, it is important to note that the banks adopt different implementation methods. Overall, the findings indicate a positive correlation between change management strategies and staff motivation. It also recommended future studies employing quantitative research designs to provide statistical evidence on these correlations.

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Abstract:

This paper unpacks the specific leadership practices that negatively impact the motivation of employees within Guyana’s public sector. It is written based on the doctoral thesis “An Investigation of Leadership Styles’ Influence on Employees in Guyana’s Public Sector – A Case Study,” which is authored by Sven Douglas. The thesis was done utilizing a mixed-methods approach; the study combined qualitative structured interviews with public sector leaders and quantitative surveys administered to a broader range of public servants. The analysis was done using statistical tools available for social sciences. These were Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), and Microsoft Excel. The findings revealed the majority of employees within Guyana’s public sector are managed using effective management practices. However, many of these employees are not benefiting from these effective practices. These areas that require improvement are inclusion in the decision-making processes, timely and constructive feedback and support, and commending efforts that provide positive reinforcement. It was recommended that managers and supervisors expand their management net to include all employees within their span of control to engage in those areas where they are failing. Methods of capturing demotivated employees were also recommended. These included regular staff meetings, workshops and think tanks where subordinates can share their ideas and opinions.

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Abstract:

This manuscript explores the critical role of Local Content Policies (LCPs) in promoting technological transfer and innovation within resource-rich nations, with a comparative focus on Nigeria, Trinidad and Tobago, Angola, and Guyana. LCPs mandate foreign investors to source a certain percentage of goods and services locally, thereby enhancing local economic participation and facilitating the transfer of technology to domestic firms. The paper examines how each country has implemented LCPs to foster technological development through mechanisms such as mandatory local sourcing, capacity-building initiatives, and collaborative research projects. It highlights the importance of entrepreneurship, competitive advantage, and the potential for innovation hubs in creating vibrant local economies. While the four countries share common goals, challenges such as capacity gaps, regulatory inconsistencies, and the risk of tokenism in LCPs require careful management to ensure that the benefits of technology transfer are genuinely realized by local firms. Ultimately, the manuscript argues that the effective implementation of LCPs can significantly contribute to sustainable economic growth and innovation, with each country offering valuable lessons for others seeking to harness their natural resources for long-term development.

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[24].  Petroleum Act No. 62.01. 1969, Laws of Trinidad and Tobago (amended 46 of 1969). Retrieved from https://www.energy.gov.tt/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/The-Petroleum-Act.pdf

[25].  Strong, C. B., 2021, The Oil and Gas Law Review, Ninth Edition. United Kingdom, London. Retrieved from https://media.velaw.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/28175713/TheOilandGasLawReviewNov2013.pdf

[26].  Tordo, S., Warner, M., Manzano, O. E., & Anouti, Y., 2013, Local Content Policies in the Oil and Gas Sector. The World Bank, Washington, D.C

[27].  The Guyana Energy Conference and Supply Chain Expo, 2024, $20M Petroleum Training Facility Launched. Retrieved from https://guyanaenergy.gy/post?slug=us20m-petroleum-training-facility-launched

[28].  KPMG Transparency Report, 2020, Retrieved from https://assets.kpmg.com/content/dam/kpmg/xx/pdf/2020/12/transparency-report-2020.pdf

Abstract:

This research examined the adaptation of Quality Management Systems and their impact on the performance and competitiveness of Small and medium-sized businesses in Guyana. Small and Medium-sized enterprises are pivotal to the continued development of Guyana's economy. Irrespective of their importance to the economy, however, SMEs in Guyana face many challenges with adopting and implementing Quality Management Systems such as ISO 9001, which are crucial for advancing operational efficiency and market reach. Employing a quantitative, descriptive correlational approach the study found several significant hurdles to the adoption and implementation of Quality Management Systems, including, financial constraints, lack of support, limited awareness of the value of Quality Management Systems, and regulatory obstacles. It was found that these hurdles significantly impact SMEs capacity to perform optimally, which by extension affect their ability to be competitive in the various industries in which they are positioned. Equally, another significant finding from this study is the positive correlation between the implementation of Quality Management Systems, and business outcomes such as operational efficiency, customer service, and competitive performance. These outcomes provide the impetus for actionable recommendations for effective facilitation of Quality Management Systems adaptation in SMEs in Guyana.

References:

[1].   Al Badi, K., 2019, Implementation of marketing concept and organizational culture in SMEs in Al Buraimi – Oman. Benchmarking: An International Journal, 26(7), 2401-2414. https://doi.org/10.1108/BIJ-05-2018-0136

[2].   Abdullah, A., 2010, Measuring TQM implementation: A case study of Malaysian SMEs. Measuring Business Excellence, 14(3), 3-15.

[3].   Alshahrani, M. A., & Husain, K. S., 2024, The effectiveness of the implementation of ISO 9001 on SMEs performance: The case of an emerging economy. International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management, 41(1), 84-106. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJQRM-08-2022-0233

[4].   Armond, A. C. V., Gordijn, B., Lewis, J., & others, 2021, A scoping review of the literature featuring research ethics and research integrity cases. BMC Medical Ethics, 22, 50. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12910-021-00620-8

[5].   Bagodi, V., Thimmappa, Venkatesh, S., & Sinha, D., 2021, A study of performance measures and quality management system in small and medium enterprises in India. Benchmarking: An International Journal, 28(4), 1356-1389. https://doi.org/10.1108/BIJ-08-2020-0444

[6].   Chakraborty, A., Mutingi, M., & Vashishth, A., 2019, Quality management practices in SMEs: A comparative study between India and Namibia. Benchmarking: An International Journal, 26(5), 1499-1516. https://doi.org/10.1108/BIJ-08-2017-0210

[7].   Chen, T. W., Azmi, R., & Abdul Rahman, R., 2020, Paradigm shift from a liquidation culture to a corporate rescue culture in Malaysia: A legal review. International Insolvency Review, 29(2), 181–203. https://doi.org/10.1002/iir.1384

[8].   Clay-Williams, R., Taylor, N., Ting, H. P., Arnolda, G., Winata, T., & Braithwaite, J., 2020, Do quality management systems influence clinical safety culture and leadership? A study in 32 Australian hospitals. International Journal for Quality in Health Care, 32(Supplement_1), 60–66. https://doi.org/10.1093/intqhc/mzz107

[9].   Creswell, J. W., & Plano Clark, V. L., 2017, Designing and conducting mixed methods research (3rd ed.). SAGE Publications.

[10].  Kiel, D., Müller, J., Arnold, C., & Voigt, K.-I., 2017, Sustainable industrial value creation: Benefits and challenges of Industry 4.0. International Society for Professional Innovation Management (ISPIM), Vienna, 1–21.

[11].  Kim, D. Y., Kumar, V., & Kumar, U., 2012, Relationship between quality management practices and innovation. Journal of Operations Management, 30(4), 295-315.

[12].  López-Lemus, J. A., De la Garza Carranza, M. T., Reyes-Berlanga, M. L., & Lopez-Lemus, J. G., 2024, The relationship between the performance of human resources and the success of the business project. International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 32(7), 1221-1241. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOA-03-2023-3662

[13].  Mehrabioun Mohammadi, M., Jalali, A., & Hasani, A., 2022, Success and failure factors in implementing quality management systems in small- and medium-sized enterprises: A mixed-method study. International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management, 39(2), 468-494. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJQRM-06-2020-0210

[14].  Psomas, E., & Antony, J., 2015, The effectiveness of the ISO 9001 quality management system and its influential critical factors in Greek manufacturing companies. International Journal of Production Research, 53(7), 2089-2099.

[15].  Requeijo, J. G., Puga-Leal, R., & Matos, A. S., 2017, Z and W charts for controlling service processes. International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management, 34(2), 295-306. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJQRM-05-2015-0085

[16].  Sahoo, S., 2020, Assessing lean implementation and benefits within Indian automotive component manufacturing SMEs. Benchmarking: An International Journal, 27(3), 1042-1084. https://doi.org/10.1108/BIJ-07-2019-0299

[17].  Sahoo, S., & Yadav, S., 2017, Entrepreneurial orientation of SMEs, total quality management and firm performance. Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management, 28(7), 892-912. https://doi.org/10.1108/JMTM-04-2017-0064

[18].  Simon, A., Karapetrovic, S., & Casadesús, M., 2012, Difficulties and benefits of integrated management systems. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 112(5), 828-846. https://doi.org/10.1108/02635571211232406

[19].  Sıtkı İlkay, M., & Aslan, E., 2012, The effect of the ISO 9001 quality management system on the performance of SMEs. International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management, 29(7), 753-778. https://doi.org/10.1108/02656711211258517

[20].  Tam, S., & Gray, D. E., 2016, Organizational learning and the organizational life cycle: The differential aspects of an integrated relationship in SMEs. European Journal of Training and Development, 40(1), 2-20. https://doi.org/10.1108/EJTD-07-2015-0052

[21].  Tian, H., Dogbe, C. S. K., Pomegbe, W. W. K., Sarsah, S. A., & Otoo, C. O. A., 2021, Organizational learning ambidexterity and openness, as determinants of SMEs' innovation performance. European Journal of Innovation Management, 24(2), 414-438. https://doi.org/10.1108/EJIM-05-2019-0140

[22].  Wang, J., & Liu, F., 2023, Examining the link between integrated management systems and firm performance: Do the integration strategies matter? International Journal of Operations & Production Management, 43(2), 332-372. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOPM-04-2022-0277

[23].  Williams, M., Wiggins, R., Vogt, W. P., & Vogt, P. R., 2022, Beginning quantitative research. SAGE Publication.

[24]. World Bank, 2023, Guyana: Overview. The World Bank. Retrieved November 6, 2024, from https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/guyana/overview

Abstract:

This study aimed to assess the long-term interconnections between Nigeria's economy and financial development indicators, adhering to standards, by analysing the existing relationships between these indicators and Nigeria's economic growth based on current data. Secondary data were obtained from the Central Bank of Nigeria's Statistical Bulletin and the World Bank's Financial Development Indicators Database covering the period from 1994 to 2023. The results of the Auto Regressive Distributed Lag Bound Test conducted on a long-term basis revealed that credit extended to the private sector and the number of active bank accounts per 100,000 adult population were important predictors of Nigeria's gross domestic product in the long run. Nonetheless, the lending-deposit spread, and asset quality ratio did not pass the significance test. Thus, the study determined that of the four explanatory variables analysed, only two—credits to the private sector and the number of bank accounts per 100,000 adults—are significantly relevant in forecasting Nigeria's gross domestic product in the long term, whereas lending-deposit spread, and asset quality ratio are not. Thus, the research advised that the Central Bank of Nigeria should increase the statutory maximum loan-to-deposit ratios for operating banks to facilitate more lending to clients, which, via expected multiplier effects, would accelerate economic growth.

References:

Abstract:

The decision to invest is one of the most complex choices made by managers in both the private and public sectors globally. It involves not only initial expenses but also cash flows throughout the investment’s useful life, all while bearing inherent risks. A well-structured investment decision requires thorough evaluation processes that consider economic, social, and environmental factors to ensure sustainability and efficiency. In the public sector, investment projects are critical for driving national development and improving the quality of life for citizens, particularly in developing countries like Guyana. These projects typically involve infrastructure development, technology acquisition, and capacity building, all aimed at addressing pressing societal needs. The study and proper conceptualization of these projects are therefore crucial, as errors in planning or execution can lead to resource wastage and missed opportunities. This article aims to reflect on the investment process, with a particular focus on Guyana’s public sector. To achieve this, we employed theoretical and empirical research methods, including analysis and synthesis, induction, deduction, logical history, and documentary analysis. The research draws insights from the National Public Investment System (NPIS) of Guyana, which emphasizes structured planning and multi-year budgeting to optimize resource utilization. The study concludes that in public sector investment projects, it is essential to consider not only activities, tasks, resource allocation, and economic or environmental impacts, but also the lasting social benefits that extend beyond the project itself. These benefits must align with national development goals, ensuring equity, inclusivity, and sustainable growth for future generations.

References:

Abstract:

This study explores the procedural complexities within Guyana's Public Service disciplinary processes, highlighting challenges such as delays, political interference, inadequate training, outdated regulations, and inconsistencies in rule application. These complexities negatively impact legal outcomes, prolong case resolutions, and undermine the integrity of decisions, contributing to public mistrust. Issues of transparency, fairness, and adherence to the rule of law are crucial for maintaining trust, while factors like political interference and corruption erode confidence. Additionally, remuneration disparities exacerbate indiscipline, affecting morale and productivity. Comprehensive reforms, including streamlined processes, enhanced training, improved transparency, and addressing pay disparities, are essential to strengthening the system’s effectiveness, integrity, and public trust.

References:

[1].   Government of Guyana, 1980, The Constitution of the Cooperative Republic of Guyana. Georgetown,

[2].   Public Service Commission Rules, 1988.

[3].   Professor Harold A. Lutchman, et al. 2016 The Commission of Inquiry into the Public Service of Guyana.

[4].   Guyana Public Service Union v. The Permanent Secretary, Ministry of Health of Guyana & The Attorney General of Guyana, 2021-HC-DEM-CIV-SOC-184 H.C. 2021.

[5].   Todd v. Public Service Commission, Appeal No. 0001 2019

[6].   Daniels v. Public Service Commission, No. 40-M (Demerara 2012.

[7].   Public Service Ministry Rules, 1989.

[8].   Sathe, S. P., 2001, Judicial activism: The Indian experience. Washington University Journal of Law & Policy, 6(1), 29– 107, https://journals.library.wustl.edu/lawpolicy/article/id/1069/

[9].   Malvey, K., Goolsarran, S., & Gomes, P., 2003, Strategic vision for labour administration in the Caribbean: A compilation of reports. ILO Subregional Office for the Caribbean.

[10].  Organization of American States, 1969, American Convention on Human Rights. Retrieved from https://oas.org/en/iachr/mandate/Basics/conventionrat.asp

[11].  Owela, M. A. 2007, Employee perceptions of disciplinary procedures in the Kenya Civil Service. Journal of Human Resource Management in Africa, 3(2), 20-37. https://doi.org/10.1108/HRMJ-07-2007-0034

[12].  Mabusela, M. A., Mbohwa, C., & Naidoo, V., 2024, Fairness and consistency of disciplinary practices in the South African Police Service: A case of Tshwane District. South African Journal of Human Resource Management, 22(2), 33-49. https://doi.org/10.4102/sajhrm.v22i2.1812.

[13].  Mokgolo, M. M. & Dikotla, M. A., 2021, ‘The management of disciplinary cases in the South African public service post-2009 to the 2018 era’, Africa’s Public Service Delivery and Performance Review, 9(1), a525. https://doi.org/10.4102/apsdpr.v9i1.52

[14].  Pratamayudha, F., 2018, Perceived fairness of disciplinary procedures in the public service sector: An exploratory study. Stellenbosch University.

[15].  Tyler, T. R., 2019, Procedural fairness and the legitimacy of public institutions: The role of perception in enhancing trust. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 29(1), 87-105. https://doi.org/10.1093/jopart/muz017

[16].  Al-Haidar, F., 2018, Administrative of disciplinary and grievance procedures for public employees in Kuwait and UK. International Journal for Law and Management.

[17].  Habib, M., et al., 2001, Corruption and inefficiency in the public sector: The case of Bangladesh. Journal of International Development, 13(4), 573-589. https://doi.org/10.1002/jid.695

[18].  Apalia, E., 2017, A. Effects of discipline management on employee performance in an organization: The case of County Education Office Human Resource Department, Turkana County. International Academic Journal of Human Resource and Business Administration, 2(3), 1–18.

[19].  Udom, O. U., 2019, Disciplinary action and procedures at the workplace: The role of HR managers. African Journal of Human Resource Management, 5(3), 102-115. https://doi.org/10.1108/AJHRM-03-2019-0003

[20].  Bhebhe, T., & Warinda, B., 2019, An analysis of the effectiveness of disciplinary procedures on company performance: A case study of African Distillers (Pvt) Ltd. Journal of African Business, 20(4), 561-576. https://doi.org/10.1080/15228916.2019.1579334

[21].  Strümpher, A. E., Knight, X., & Ukpere, W. I., 2019, The Effectiveness and Consistency of Disciplinary Actions and Procedures within a South African Organisation. Journal of African Business, 21(4), 455-468. https://doi.org/10.1080/15228916.2019.1640464

[22].  Committee of Public Accounts, 2024, Civil service workforce: Recruitment, pay and performance management (Twenty-Third Report of Session 2023–24). House of Commons. Retrieved from https://committees.parliament.uk/

[23].  Anthony, A. E., 2017, Effects of discipline management on employee performance in an organization: The case of County Education Office Human Resource Department, Turkana County. International Academic Journal of Human Resource and Business Administration, 2(3), 1–18. http://www.iajournals.org/articles/iajhrba_v2_i3_1_18.pdf

[24].  Levy, P. S., & Lemeshow, S., 2013, Sampling of populations: Methods and applications (4th ed.). Wiley.

[25].  Singh, R., 2022, The Role of Public Administration in Promoting Good Governance in India. Indian Journal of Law and Public Administration, 3(2), 1-12.

[26].  Aljamouss, A., 2020, Hot stove rule: Employee discipline. Retrieved from https://aljamouss.com/en/details/94/Hot-Stove-Rule:-Employee-Discipline

[27].  Laxmikanth, M., 2020, Indian Polity. McGraw Hill Education (India) Private Limited.

[28].  Maheshwari, S.R., 2001, Indian Administration (6th ed.). Orient Blackswan.

[29].  Stillman, R. J., 2010, Public administration: Concepts and cases (9th ed.). Cengage Learning.

[30].  Zafarullah, H., & Siddiquee, N. A., 2001, Dissecting public sector corruption in Bangladesh: Issues and problems of control. Asian Journal of Political Science, 9(1), 465-486

[31].  Van der Bank, L., Engelbrecht, A., & Strümpher, J., 2008, Perceived fairness of disciplinary procedures in the public service sector: An exploratory study. SA Journal of Human Resource Management, 6(2), 1–8, https://doi.org/10.4102/sajhrm.v6i2.136.

[32].  Confront Pay Disparity Between Management and Workers – SHRM. 2019, https://www.shrm.org/ResourcesAndTools/hr-topics/compensation/Pages/confront-pay-disparity.aspx.

[33].  Does the Wage Gap between Private and Public Sectors Encourage. - PLOS. 2015, https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0141211.

[34].  Disparity in remuneration between public and private sector employees. 2019, http://encyclopedia.uia.org/en/problem/disparity-remuneration-between-public-and-private-sector-employees.

[35].  Khan, N. U., Zhongyi, P., Alim, W., Han, H., & Ariza-Montes, 2024, A. Examining the dynamics of pro-social rule-breaking among grassroots public servants. Humanities & Social Sciences Communications, 1(1), https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-023-01617-3

[36].  Okolie, U. C., & Udom, I. D., 2019, Disciplinary actions and procedures at the workplace: The role of HR managers. Journal of Economics and Management Research, 8, https://doi.org/10.22364/jemr.8.06

[37].  Mabusela, T. A., Ngonyama-Ndou, T. L., & Mmako, M. M., 2024, The perceived fairness and consistency of disciplinary practices in selected police stations. SA Journal of Human Resource Management, 22(1), Article a2397, https://doi.org/10.4102/sajhrm.v22i1.2397

Abstract:

This research explores the crucial role of risk management in enhancing project success amid prevalent project failures linked to inadequate risk practices. In today’s complex project environments, organizations face uncertainties that can derail objectives and hinder performance. Despite a focus on effective project management methodologies, many projects still fall short of meeting their goals due to overlooked risks and insufficient assessment processes. This study aims to identify common risks affecting project success across sectors and evaluate current risk management practices among project managers. By employing both quantitative and qualitative methods, this study highlights significant gaps in existing practices and proposes a comprehensive framework for integrating risk management throughout the project lifecycle. The research findings provide actionable insights and practical recommendations to improve project outcomes and advance the field of project management by enhancing understanding of effective risk management strategies.

References:

[1].   Chapman, C., & Ward, S., 2011. How to Manage Project Opportunity and Risk: Why Uncertainty Management Can be a Much Better Approach than Risk Management. John Wiley & Sons.

[2].   Flyvbjerg, B., Holm, M. S., & Buhl, S., 2002. Underestimating costs in public works projects: Error or lie? Journal of the American Planning Association, 68(3), 279-295.

[3].   Hillson, D., 2009. Managing Risk in Projects. Gower Publishing, Ltd.

[4].   Kerzner, H., 2017. Project Management: A Systems Approach to Planning, Scheduling, and Controlling. John Wiley & Sons.

[5].   Kutsch, E., & Hall, M., 2009. The Rational Choice of not Applying Project Risk Management in Information Technology Projects. Project Management Journal, 40(3), 72-81.

[6].   PMI., 2019. The Standard for Risk Management in Portfolios, Programs, and Projects. Project Management Institute.

[7].   Raz, T., Shenhar, A. J., & Dvir, D., 2002. Risk management, project success, and technological uncertainty. R&D Management, 32(2), 101-109.

[8].   Tummala, R., & Schoenherr, T., 2011. Assessing and managing risks using the Supply Chain Risk Management Process (SCRMP). Supply Chain Management: An International Journal, 16(6), 474-483.

[9].   Project Management Institute., 2021. A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK® Guide) – Seventh Edition. Project Management Institute.

[10].  Zwikael, O., & Ahn, M., 2011. The effectiveness of risk management: An analysis of project risk planning across industries and countries. Risk Analysis: An International Journal, 31(1), 25-37.

[11].  Bourne, L., 2015. Project Management: A Managerial Approach. Wiley.

[12].  Berg, H. P., & Karlsen, J. T., 2015. Project Risk Management: A Practical Handbook. CRC Press.

[13].  Flanagan, R., & Norman, G., 1993. Risk Management and the Construction Industry. Longman.

[14].  Kendrick, T., 2015. Identifying and Managing Project Risk: Aligning Process to Strategy. AMACOM.

[15].  Lehtiranta, L., & Lillrank, P., 2014. Risk Management in Projects: Theoretical Foundations and Practical Applications. International Journal of Project Management, 32(4), 609-620.

[16].  Miller, R., & Lessard, D., 2000. Understanding and Managing Risks in Large Engineering Projects. MIT Press.

[17].  Morris, P. W. G., 2013. Reconstructing Project Management. Wiley.

[18].  Pritchard, C. L., 2014. Risk Management: Concepts and Guidance. CRC Press.

[19].  Snyder, H., 2012. The Role of Risk Management in Sustainable Project Management. International Journal of Project Management, 30(3), 241-251.

[20].  Tatikonda, M. V., & Montoya-Weiss, M. M., 2001. Integrating Operations and Marketing Perspectives of New Product Development: An Empirical Investigation. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 18(2), 100-114.

Abstract:

This paper discusses the economic impact of e-business practices, specifically related to employment of technologies in the oil and gas industry on local communities in emerging economies and discussed implications for Policy and Practice in Guyana's Oil and Gas Sector. By adopting digital technologies such as AI, IoT and blockchain as part of the E-business infrastructure, business in the oil and gas industry benefits from improvements in operational efficiency, accountability and transparency in the supply chain, and sustainable economic growth in communities because of increase employment and other socio-economic benefits. The study employed a secondary research approach to collect and analyze data form various academic and industry sources. The findings from this study reveal that robust E-business infrastructures are augmented with advanced digital technologies, and economies that adopts this strategy benefits for improved operational efficiency in the oil and gas sector, enhanced community development through employment and economic diversification. Bases on this study, the key implications and recommendations for Guyana include policy and e-business infrastructure development, and capacity building.

References:

[1].   Akhtar, Mohammad, & Sushil, S., 2018a, Strategic Performance Management System in the uncertain business environment. Business Process Management Journal, 24(4), 923–942. https://doi.org/10.1108/bpmj-05-2017-0102

[2].   Akhtar, Mohammad, & Sushil, S., 2018b, Strategic Performance Management System in the uncertain business environment. Business Process Management Journal, 24(4), 923–942. https://doi.org/10.1108/bpmj-05-2017-0102

[3].   Akhtar, Mohd, & Mittal, R. K., 2010, Enterprise performance management and flexibility: Factors of effectiveness in upstream oil industry in India. Global Journal of Flexible Systems Management, 11(4), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf03396589

[4].   Anisimov, V. F., Truntsevsky, Y. V., Bessel, V. V., & Yessetova, S., 2020, Prospects of development of the oil industry in the global economy and in the regional economies. International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, 10(1), 265–279. https://doi.org/10.32479/ijeep.8589

[5].   Asante Boakye, E., Zhao, H., & Ahia, B. N., 2022, Blockchain technology prospects in transforming Ghana's economy: A phenomenon-based approach. Information Technology for Development, 29(2–3), 348–377. https://doi.org/10.1080/02681102.2022.2073580

[6].   Ayan, B., Güner, E., & Son-Turan, S., 2022, Blockchain technology and sustainability in supply chains and a closer look at different industries: A mixed method approach. Logistics, 6(4), 85. https://doi.org/10.3390/logistics6040085

[7].   Binu Yahaya, K., 2022a, Local content and oil exploration and production in Nigeria. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4118661

[8].   Binu Yahaya, K., 2022b, Local content and oil exploration and production in Nigeria. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4118661

[9].   Denscombe, M., 2014, The Good Research Guide: For Small-Scale Social Research Projects, 5th ed., Open University Press, Maidenhead.

[10].  Diao, X., & Hazell, P. B. R., 2019, Ghana's Economy-Wide Transformation: Past Patterns and Future Prospects. https://doi.org/10.2499/9780198845348_02

[11].  Hendrix, C. S., 2017, Kicking a crude habit: Diversifying away from oil and gas in the 21st Century. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2912333

[12].  Hervé, A., Schmitt, C., & Baldegger, R., 2020, Internationalization and digitalization: Applying Digital Technologies to the internationalization process of small and medium-sized enterprises. Technology Innovation Management Review, 10(7), 28–40. https://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1373

[13].  Keynes, J. M., 1936, The General Theory of Employment, Interest, and Money. Macmillan, London.

[14].  Kim, Y., 2015, Management model and competition mechanism of public and private enterprises: Focused on oil refining industry. Korea Business Review, 19(4), 203. https://doi.org/10.17287/kbr.2015.19.4.203

[15].  Koroteev, D., & Tekic, Z., 2021, Artificial Intelligence in oil and gas upstream: Trends, challenges, and scenarios for the future. Energy and AI, 3, 100041. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egyai.2020.100041

[16].  Mensah, E. B., & Van Biesebroeck, J., 2023, Integration of African countries in regional and global value chains: Static and dynamic patterns. The World Economy, 46(11), 3259–3281. https://doi.org/10.1111/twec.13503

[17].  Nasereddin, A. Y., 2024, A comprehensive survey of Contemporary Supply Chain Management Practices in charting the digital age revolution. Uncertain Supply Chain Management, 12(2), 1331–1352. https://doi.org/10.5267/j.uscm.2023.11.004

[18].  OilNow, 2023, Guyana’s Oil Industry Overview. OilNow. Retrieved from https://oilnow.gy

[19].  Rasch, F. A., 2022, The complexity of e-business and markets in central Asia and its impact on Economic Development. 2022 6th International Conference on E-Commerce, E-Business and E-Government. https://doi.org/10.1145/3537693.3537748

[20].  Romer, P. M., 1990, Endogenous technological change. Journal of Political Economy, 98(5, Part 2). https://doi.org/10.1086/261725

[21].  Rui, Z., Cui, K., Wang, X., Chun, J.-H., Li, Y., Zhang, Z., Lu, J., Chen, G., Zhou, X., & Patil, S., 2018, A comprehensive investigation on the performance of oil and Gas Development in Nigeria: Technical and non-technical analyses. Energy, 158, 666–680. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2018.06.027

[22].  Shah, M., Kshirsagar, A., & Panchal, J., 2022, A comprehensive review of machine application in the oil and Gas Industry. Applications of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) in the Petroleum Industry, 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781003279532-1

[23].  Siuta-Tokarska, B., Kruk, S., Krzemiński, P., Thier, A., & Żmija, K., 2022, Digitalization of enterprises in the energy sector: Drivers—business models—prospective directions of changes. Energies, 15(23), 8962. https://doi.org/10.3390/en15238962

[24].  Tong, X., Zhang, G., Wang, Z., Wen, Z., Tian, Z., Wang, H., Ma, F., & Wu, Y., 2018, Distribution and potential of global oil and Gas Resources. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 45(4), 779–789. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1876-3804(18)30081-8

[25].  Yaqub, M. Z., & Alsabban, A., 2023, Industry-4.0-enabled digital transformation: Prospects, Instruments, challenges, and implications for business strategies. Sustainability, 15(11), 8553. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15118553

Abstract:

This study examines the effectiveness of disciplinary procedures within Guyana’s Public Service in upholding fairness and integrity. Using a mixed-method approach, data were collected from 20 personnel staff and two Legal Officers at the Public Service Commission (PSC) through questionnaires and interviews, the research questions focused on the procedures' effectiveness, challenges faced by employees, and potential improvements. Findings indicate that while 59% of staff view the procedures as promoting fairness and integrity, 65.8% reported significant challenges in compliance, and 85.6% agreed on the need for improvements. Statistical analysis, including t-tests, confirmed that the procedures significantly impact fairness and integrity.

References:

[1].   Government of Guyana. 1980. The Constitution of the Cooperative Republic of Guyana. Georgetown,

[2].   Public Service Commission Rules 1988.

[3].   Professor Harold A. Lutchman, et al. 2016 The Commission of Inquiry into the Public Service of Guyana.

[4].   Todd v. Public Service Commission, Appeal No. 0001 2019

[5].   Daniels v. Public Service Commission, No. 40-M (Demerara 2012.

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Abstract:

Medical tourism is an integral part of the tourism economy in Uganda. Whereas, in bound medical tourism is still far from Uganda’s potential owing to the meagre investments in health sector more government officials are now traveling abroad than ever before spending a lot of taxpayers’ money for high quality care. Despite the increasing medical referrals abroad there is a paucity of data in the medical tourism sector. The objective of this study was to determine the role of a National Health Insurance Scheme in reducing the costs of medical referrals abroad. An exploratory cross-sectional mixed study was done from September 2023 to August 2024. Stratified and snowball sampling was used to select 34 participants. Quantitative data was analyzed using SPSS version 16.0 and thematic analysis was used for qualitative data. The findings indicated that the National Health Insurance scheme is proposed as a possible option to provide affordable high-quality care to all developing an excellent health system for prompt and quality medical treatment when needed both for medical tourists and Ugandans. The National Health insurance scheme is a policy choice most likely to provide equal access to quality healthcare and reduce on high costs of medical referrals abroad of the government officials. This paper recommends the development of a medical tourism policy as a main driver of the industry.

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Abstract:

This detailed study explores the intersection between financial literacy, women's empowerment, and family size. It focuses on how women’s financial knowledge, behavior, and attitudes influence household size and delves into the effects on economic independence and the broader societal impact. Global initiatives have made significant strides toward gender equality, yet women still face challenges, particularly in long-term financial planning. The promotion of financial literacy among women is crucial not only for their personal growth but also for societal development. This article highlights examples, empirical findings, and strategic interventions necessary to bridge the gender gap in financial literacy.

References:

[1].  Arifin, A. Z., 2017. The influence of financial knowledge, control, and income on individual financial behavior. European Research Studies Journal, 20(3A), 635-648.

[2].  Arifin, A. Z. 2017. Gender differences in financial literacy and financial behavior.

[3].  Atkinson, A., & Messy, F., 2012. Measuring financial literacy: Results of the OECD/INFE pilot study. OECD Publishing.

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[5].  Brown, M., & Graf, R., 2013. Financial literacy and retirement planning in Switzerland. Numeracy, 6(2), Article 6.

[6].  Calamato, M. P., 2010. Learning financial literacy in the family. VLC Political Science and Economics Journal, 10(2), 34-45.

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[10].  Heintz, J., & Folbre, N., 2000. Family responsibilities and the costs of care. Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society, 26(1), 279-297.

[11].  Karlsson, N., Dellgran, P., Klingander, B., & Garling, T. 2004. Household consumption: Influences of aspiration level, social comparison, and money management. Journal of Economic Psychology, 25, 753-769.

[12].  Klapper, L., & Panos, G. A., 2011. Financial literacy and retirement planning: The Russian case. Journal of Pension Economics & Finance, 10(4), 599-618.

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[15].  Lusardi, A., & Mitchell, O. S., 2011. Financial literacy around the world: An overview. Journal of Pension Economics & Finance, 10(4), 497-508.

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[17].  Lusardi, A., & Mitchell, O. S., 2011. How financial literacy and impatience shape retirement wealth and investment behaviors. NBER Working Paper No. 16740.

[18].  Lusardi, A., & Mitchell, O. S., 2011. How financial literacy influences financial behavior: Evidence from Russia. NBER Working Paper No. 17078.

[19].  Lusardi, A., & Mitchell, O. S., 2011. Retirement preparation and financial literacy: An international perspective.

[20].  Lusardi, A., & Mitchell, O. S., 2018. The economic importance of financial literacy: Theory and evidence. Journal of Economic Literature, 52(1), 5-44.

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Abstract:

This paper explores the challenges and perspectives of regulatory employees within Guyana's Government Analyst-Food and Drug Department (GA-FDD), focusing on their role in enhancing drug safety. Through a comprehensive survey, the study identifies key limitations such as resource constraints, gaps in public awareness, and the need for continuous training. The findings highlight critical areas for improvement in the regulatory framework, including better resource allocation, public education initiatives, and stronger collaborations with healthcare providers and the pharmaceutical industry. Recommendations are made to support the development of a robust and effective drug safety system in Guyana.

References:

[1].   Brown, L., 2021. Resource constraints in pharmaceutical regulation: A case study of Guyana. Health Policy and Planning, 36(2), 174-183.

[2].   Woo-Ming, J., 1993. Regional approaches to drug regulation in the Caribbean: A case study of CARICOM. Rev Panam Salud Publica, 14(4), 22-29.

[3].   Lewis, R., 2018. Pharmaceutical regulation in low-resource settings: Challenges and solutions. Global Health Policy, 6(3), 234-245.

[4].   Ekeigwe, A. A., 2019. Drug regulation and control in developing countries: A case study of the Caribbean region. Journal of Pharmaceutical Policy and Practice, 12(1), 1-12.

[5].   Rodríguez-Monguió, R., 2008. Access to medicines in Guyana: Challenges and solutions. Health Policy and Planning, 23(5), 345-353.DOI

[6].   Seoane‐Vazquez, E., & Rodríguez-Monguió, R., 2008. Access to medicines in Guyana: Challenges and solutions. Health Policy and Planning, 23(5), 345-353.

[7].   Orzalli, R. & Hanson, R., 2017. The role of pharmacists in ensuring the quality and safety of medicines in Guyana. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Practice, 25(3), 196-203.

[8].   Dube, A., & Naidoo, P., 2018. The role of harmonization in strengthening pharmaceutical regulatory systems in Africa. African Health Policy Journal, 7(3), 250-267.

[9].   Medina, R., 2019. Current Drug Regulatory Frameworks in the Caribbean. Journal of Pharmaceutical Policy and Practice, 12(1), 56-65.

[10].  Lacey, R. E., Pikhart, H., Bartley, M., & Stafford, M., 2016. Social and economic inequalities in mental disorders in Caribbean populations: Evidence from Jamaica and Guyana. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 51(4), 523-533. 

[11].  Rahman, M., & Khan, F., 2013. Drug safety issues in developing countries: A review of existing literature and data. Journal of Pharmaceutical Policy and Practice, 11(1), 345-353.

Abstract:

Globally and locally, there is a significant shortage of potable water for domestic and other uses. Water quality refers to the assessment of its physical, chemical, and microbial properties. Ensuring the potability and suitability of water is critical for reducing human mortality, preventing the destruction of aquatic ecosystems, and ensuring the safe production of goods that require high-quality water. Water is considered of good quality if its physico-chemical, heavy metal, and microbial concentrations remain within permissible limits set by international and national regulatory standards. Thirty (30) commercially packaged sachet water samples from popular brands were randomly but evenly selected from three (3) Local Government Areas: Amuwo-Odofin, Ojo, and Lagos Mainland, within the Lagos Mainland area of Lagos State, Nigeria. These water samples were annotated and analyzed in the laboratory for their physico-chemical, heavy metal, and microbial parameters using standard scientific methods. The results indicated that all the analyzed water samples met the threshold limits for physico-chemical, heavy metal, and microbial parameters as established by international and national regulatory standards.The commercially packaged sachet water samples analyzed from the three (3) Local Government Areas in the Lagos Mainland area of Nigeria were found to be potable, free from waterborne infectious microbes, heavy metal contamination, and physical impurities.

References:

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[2].   Abdullahi, A. A., Ighalo, J. O., Ajal,a O. J. and Ayika, S., 2020. Physicochemical analysis and heavy metals remediation of pharmaceutical industry efuent using bentonite clay modifed by H2SO4 and HCl. J Turkish Chem Soc Section A 7:727–744. https://doi.org/10.18596 /jotcsa.703913.

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[4].   Akoteyon, I., Omotayo, A., Soladoye, O. and Olaoye, H., 2011. Determination of water quality index and suitability of urban river for municipal water supply in Lagos-Nigeria. Eur J Scient Res 54:263–271.

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[6].   Amoo, A. O., Adeleye, A. O., Bate, G. B., Sadiq, I. S., Amoo, F. K., Rajj, M., Isiaq, S. M. and Abubakar, Y. B., 2021. Sule Lamido University Journal of Science and Technology (SLUJST), 2 (2) [June 2021]:16-24.

[7].   Ariff, S., Khan, U., Turab, A., Hussain, I., Habib, A., Mansoor, T., Mallick, D., Suhag, Z., Bhatti, Z. and Ahmed, I., 2016. Evaluation of Solar Disinfection of water intervention delivered through Lady Health Workers in reduction of diarrheal episodes in under fve children. Internat J Pediat Child Care 1:1.

[8].   Chinedu, S. N., Nwinyi, O., Oluwadamisi, A. Y. and Eze, V. N., 2011. Assessment of water quality in Canaanland, Ota, Southwest Nigeria. Agri Biol J North Am 2:577–583.

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[11].  Musa, D., Garba, Y., Yusuf, M. and Ishaq, A., 2018. Assessment of water quality for selected boreholes and sachets water in Maigatari Town Jigawa State, Nigeria Bayero. J Pure Appl Sci 11:122–127.

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[13].  Osikanmi, B. O., Mustapha, M., Sridhar, M. K. C. and Coker, A. O. 2020. Hazard identifcation and risk assessment-based water safety plan for packaged water production companies in Abeokuta South West Nigeria. J Environ Prot 11:48–63.

[14].  Ovuru, C., Okujagu, D. C. and Amgbere, P. E., 2022. Geochemical Characterization of Heavy Metals in Groundwater at Ogala Community, Eleme Local Government Area o Rivers State, Nigeria. International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science (Peer-Reviewed, Open Access, Fully Refereed International Journal), 4 (12): 2064 – 2071. e-USSN: 258.

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Abstract:

This study examines risk management approaches amongst commercial banks in Guyana's banking sector by examining senior-level bank managers' perception of commercial banks' approach to managing operational, financial and credit risks. Amidst the many challenges the global banking industry must navigate, including the lingering effects of the 2008 global financial crisis on emerging economies such as Guyana, this mixed methods study aims to fill the gap in the lack of research, particularly concerning Guyana's commercial banking industry. The study evaluates current risk management policies and practices and how effective they are compared to international standards. The study also proposes to examine the competencies of personnel with direct responsibilities and oversights for managing risks within the banks, as well as the influence of external dynamics such as global financial trends. Employing a combination of semi-structured interviews, and likert scale surveys, Likert draws on quantitative insights from those leading risk management efforts in the banking system to garner a nuanced understanding of the issue.

References:

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Abstract:

This paper examines and evaluates the existing change management strategies implemented by commercial banks in Jamaica, focusing on understanding their processes, methodologies, and overall effectiveness. Change management strategies outline the planned methods and procedures used by Jamaica's commercial banks to support and manage organizational change, which are referred to as change management strategies in this research. It focussed on three commercial banks: Bank A, B and C. It employed a qualitative research design, and instruments for data collection included semi-structured interviews and observations with senior managers and employees from the three aforementioned commercial banks. Qualitative data analysis was conducted using NVivo to identify key themes and patterns. The study identifies some strategies, including employee involvement programs, training and development initiatives, recognition and reward systems, and communication techniques. These findings can be the basis for future studies and help these organisations and policymakers make decisions relating to effective change management strategies.

References:

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[2].   Angtyan, H., 2019. ADKAR model in change management. International Review of Management and Business Research, 8(2), 179–182. https://doi.org/10.30543/8-2(2019)-4

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Abstract:

Evidence based strategy formulation using data has become a method to enhance organizations' efficiency and decision-making processes in a more accountable manner. This article examines how adopting data-driven approaches affects strategies, resource allocation, and the cultivation of trust with stakeholders. After analysing secondary data sources, this research focuses on key tools such as mobile data collection, predictive analytics, and dashboards that significantly improve efficiency by reducing time consumption and errors by approximately 45% and 30%, respectively. Effective data governance practices improve transparency and inspire donors' trust within organizations, along with advancements in artificial intelligence (AI). Blockchain is expected to drive enhancements in this regard. Emerging technologies like blockchain are expected to enhance transparency and donor trust, further driving data governance improvements. However, challenges such as resources, scattered data, and ethical concerns continue to pose hurdles for smaller nonprofit organizations. Suggestions encompass skill development initiatives, cost-effective technology solutions, and collaborative alliances. The research reinforces the importance of embracing data-centric approaches for lasting outcomes and offers guidance for professionals and policymakers alike. It would be beneficial to explore how these methods could contribute to sustainability and their practical use in industries aiming to bring about long-term positive impacts.

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Abstract:

The implementation of QMS – especially ISO 9001 certifications – has become crucial to businesses trying to streamline, stay in line with the international standards, and stay ahead of the competition. While the benefits of QMS have been studied extensively in developed economies, their efficacy in developing countries, like Guyana, is understudied. This paper studies why QMS use drives business decisions in Guyana – from both an internal motivation perspective (efficiency and profit) to an external pressure perspective (regulatory compliance and market position).
Through a mixed-methods approach, it draws on quantitative results from formal surveys and qualitative data from semi-structured online interviews. This stratified random sample method surveyed 65 approved manufacturers, service providers, natural resources and agricultural companies, which resulted in a response rate of 77%. The primary conclusions are that internal drivers like "Efficiency and Profitability" remain top priority, and that external drivers like "Regulatory Compliance" and "Market Competitivity" are increasingly driving QMS adoption. The emergence of themes, like "Innovation Improvement" and "Compliance Standards" reveals the shift in the use of QMS to promote organizational innovation and strategic responsiveness in Guyana’s rapidly changing business climate. This research fills the gap in the body of knowledge on QMS adoption in emerging economies. It offers pragmatic guidance for Guyanese businesses and policymakers to adopt QMS as a route to sustainable growth, enhanced competitiveness and international market access. Future research is encouraged to examine sector specific challenges and the cumulative effects of QMS on organizational performance over the long term in resource-strapped settings.

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[3].   Gotzamani, K., & Tsiotras, G., 2002. The true motives behind ISO 9000 certification: Their effect on the overall certification benefits and long-term contribution towards TQM. International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management, 19(2), 151–169.

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Abstract:

The Quality Management System (QMS) certification like ISO 9001 stands as a recognized strategic asset for enhancing business performance alongside operational efficiency and customer satisfaction. The research examines how QMS certification affects customer satisfaction in Guyana by comparing performance between 50 certified companies and 50 non-certified companies. The study used a quantitative approach that involved stratified random sampling to obtain representation from various industries. The study assessed customer satisfaction with a 5-point Likert scale and applied descriptive statistics and independent t-tests to analyze differences between certified and non-certified businesses. Businesses with QMS certification demonstrate significantly better customer satisfaction ratings compared to businesses that lack this certification. The statistical analysis showed that certified businesses achieved higher mean satisfaction ratings (3.98) than non-certified businesses (3.20) with a significant t-test result (t = 4.96, p = 0.00000314). QMS certification appears to enhance service quality while creating stronger brand reputation and better customer feedback systems that ultimately build customer loyalty and trust. Non-certified businesses showed more variation in their satisfaction scores because of inconsistent service quality, weaker complaint resolution systems and lower competitive positioning. aThe research supports prior knowledge about QMS certification advantages by showing that structured quality management systems deliver products and services with higher consistency. The results provide actionable insights for Guyanese companies and government officials because QMS certification adoption improves service quality and customer satisfaction. Longitudinal studies need to investigate how QMS certification influences customer loyalty while identifying QMS implementation difficulties across various sectors.

References:

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[2].   Casadesus, M., & Karapetrovic, S., 2005, Has ISO 9000 lost some of its lustre? A longitudinal impact study. International Journal of Operations & Production Management, 25(6), 580–596. https://doi.org/10.1108/01443570510599737

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Abstract:

The study sought to investigate the impact of Direct Health Facility Funding on Service Delivery in Primary Healthcare Facilities in Plateau State. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected and analyzed. The findings from the quantitative analysis revealed that the introduction of Direct Health Facility Funding has improved the standard of maternal and child health services, standard of malaria treatment and control services, standard immunization services by improving the availability of vaccines, ensuring wider coverage immunization particularly in rural communities. The thematic analysis also indicated that the introduction of direct financing of facilities in the Primary Health Care facilities in Plateau State has improved that the standard of child and maternal health services in the primary healthcare centres in Plateau State and this has been attributed to financial autonomy provided by the Direct Health Facility Funding scheme. It has also led to the improvement in the standard of facility maintenance and renovation. The study recommends that there is need to devise means of ameliorating these challenges. The Ministry of Health should provide the policy guidelines on management of government health funds to primary health facilities to be used by the facility management committees and the health workers. A committee should be setup comprising of management staff of primary health facilities, community leaders and staff of the ministry of health to monitor how funds disbursed to primary health facilities are expended.

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