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Factors Influencing Cardiovascular Risk and Prevention Strategies among Patients Attending Selected District Hospitals in Douala, Cameroon

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DOI: 10.21522/TIJMD.2013.09.04.Art004

Authors : Fankep Dihewou Alphonse Bertin, Mbabazi Asiati, Mohnchimbare Christina Mbongueh, Kamga Fouamno Henri Lucien

Abstract:

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) remain the leading cause of death worldwide and are a major public health concern, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. The persistence of unhealthy lifestyles and inadequate preventive practices contributes significantly to the increase in the CVD burden. This study aimed to assess cardiovascular risk factors and prevention strategies among patients visiting the cardiology departments of Logbaba, Nylon, and Deido district hospitals in Douala, Cameroon. A quantitative cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted from January to June 2025 among 400 selected respondents in the target hospitals. The data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed with Microsoft Excel, Epi Info and RStudio software. Frequencies and percentages were calculated and presented in tables and figures. Results revealed that 72% of respondents consumed alcohol, while 55% regularly consumed foods high in saturated fats and added sugars. In addition, 97% of participants reported high levels of stress. As for physical activity, 41% of the respondents were physically active only a few times a month. Unmodifiable risk factors were also predominant, with 73% of respondents having a family history of cardiovascular disease, with stroke being one of the most frequently reported condition. Although 77% of respondents consumed enough fruits and vegetables, and 88% took treatment for cardiovascular conditions, 51% had never received education or information on the prevention of cardiovascular disease from health professionals. The study highlights the urgent need to strengthen preventive education, promote healthy lifestyles, and improve screening for cardiovascular risks in health facilities.

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