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Assessment of the Level of Maternal Satisfaction among Selected Secondary Health Facilities in Abuja, FCT, NigeriaAuthor: Sunday AGAMAHDOI: 10.21522/TIJMD.2013.09.03.Art001
Assessment of the Level of Maternal Satisfaction among Selected Secondary Health Facilities in Abuja, FCT, Nigeria
Abstract:
Maternal satisfaction is a critical determinant of health care seeking behaviour, influencing adherences to stated care regimens and trust in the health system. This study utilized the Women’s View of Birth Labour Satisfaction Questionnaire (WOMBLSQ) as the primary instruments for assessing maternal satisfaction. This tool encompasses multiple dimensions such as professional support, fulfillment of expectations, pain experience during labor, pain experience following delivery, home assessment, spousal support, mother-infant bonding, women's familiarity with caregivers during birth, the birthing environment, perceived sense of control, and overall satisfaction with the birth experience. The study adopted a cross-sectional, quantitative design and data was systematically collected from eligible pregnant women attending selected secondary health facilities within AMAC, Abuja, over a defined collection period spanning February to April 2024. Results indicated high satisfaction with Expectations (mean = 5.51,77.5%) and Environment (mean = 5.52, 78.9%). Moderate satisfaction was observed for Professional Support (mean = 5.26,75.2%), perceived sense of Control (mean = 5.19,74.3%), women's familiarity with caregivers (mean = 4.83,64.9%), and spousal support (mean = 4.67,66.7%). In contrast, mother-infant bonding (mean = 3.65, 52.2%), pain during labor (mean = 4.04, 57.7%) and pain following delivery (mean = 4.08,58.2%)- elicited neutral responses. Notably, respondents expressed moderate dissatisfaction with home assessment (mean = 3.06, ,43.7%). Overall, general satisfaction was moderate, with a mean score of 4.87 or 69.6%. In the light of Nigeria’s high maternal mortality rate, it is recommended that targeted attention be directed towards improving home assessment services, practices related to mother-infant bonding and pain management protocols.
Assessment of the Level of Maternal Satisfaction among Selected Secondary Health Facilities in Abuja, FCT, Nigeria
References:
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[3]. Pozo-Cano MD, et al. Validation of the Women’s Views of Birth Labor Satisfaction Questionnaire (WOMBLSQ4) in the Spanish population. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(15):5582. doi:10.3390/ijerph17155582
[4]. Donabedian A. The quality of care: how can it be assessed? JAMA. 1988;260(12):1743. doi:10.1001/jama.1988.03410120089033
[5]. Anikwe CC, et al. The birth satisfaction scale: Igbo adaptation, validation, and reliability study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2024;24(1):876. doi:10.1186/s12884-024-07104-8
[6]. Ope BW, Wasan T, Hirst JE, Mullins E, Norton R, Peden M. Measurement, determinants and outcomes of maternal care satisfaction in Nigeria: a systematic review. BMJ Public Health. 2025;3(1):e001278. doi:10.1136/bmjph-2024-001278
[7]. Kidane A, Getachew T, Mesfin F, Eyeberu A, Dheresa M. Maternal satisfaction on delivery care services and associated factors at public hospitals in eastern Ethiopia. Int Health. 2023;159(2):189-197. doi:10.1093/inthealth/ihac038
[8]. CLIP Working Group, et al. Mothers’ satisfaction with care during facility-based childbirth: a cross-sectional survey in southern Mozambique. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2019;19(1):303. doi:10.1186/s12884-019-2449-6
[9]. Jang S, Lee S, Sohn A. Assessing maternal satisfaction: patient-centered care, hospital environment, and information-seeking in Chanika Hospital in Tanzania. J Pers Med. 2024;14(5):455. doi:10.3390/jpm14050455
[10]. Esan DT, Sokan-Adeaga AA, Rasaq NO. Assessment of satisfaction with delivery care among mothers in selected health care facilities in Ekiti state, Nigeria. J Public Health Res. 2022;11(4):22799036221127572. doi:10.1177/22799036221127572
[11]. Ekström AC, Thorstensson S. Nurses and midwives professional support increases with improved attitudes—design and effects of a longitudinal randomized controlled process-oriented intervention. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2015;15(1):275. doi:10.1186/s12884-015-0712-z
[12]. Mukerenge NF, Kafene P, Nakakuwa FH. An assessment of women’s satisfaction with maternity care during labour and birth in a referral hospital in Namibia. Heliyon. 2025;11(4):e42644. doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2025.e42644
[13]. Utoo BT, et al. Mother’s satisfaction with delivery services and intended future utilization at Federal Teaching Hospital, Gombe, North-Eastern Nigeria. Eur J Clin Med. 2023;4(3):Art. 3. doi:10.24018/clinicmed.2023.4.3.276
[14]. Leahy-Warren P, Mulcahy H, Corcoran P, Bradley R, O’Connor M, O’Connell R. Factors influencing women’s perceptions of choice and control during pregnancy and birth: a cross-sectional study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2021;21(1):667. doi:10.1186/s12884-021-04106-8
[15]. Falade-Fatila, Adebayo AM. Male partners’ involvement in pregnancy related care among married men in Ibadan, Nigeria. Reprod Health. 2020;17:85. doi:10.1186/s12978-020-0850-2
[16]. Okoye OC, Ibeh CC, Nnebue CC, Ikeanyionwu IV, Umeh UM. Male partners involvement in maternal health: a community-based cross-sectional descriptive study in urban and rural settings in Anambra, Nigeria. J Adv Med Med Res. 2022;34:423-436. doi:10.9734/jammr/2022/v34i224830
[17]. Sharma V, Leight J, Giroux N, AbdulAziz F, Nyqvist MB. “That’s a woman’s problem”: a qualitative analysis to understand male involvement in maternal and newborn health in Jigawa state, northern Nigeria. Reprod Health. 2019;16(1):143. doi:10.1186/s12978-019-0808-4
[18]. Arisukwu O, Igbolekwu CO, Oyekola AI, Oyeyipo EJ, Asamu FF, Osueke ON. Spousal support during pregnancy in the Nigerian rural context: a mixed methods study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2021;21(1):772. doi:10.1186/s12884-021-04135-3
[19]. UNICEF. Skin-to-skin contact, Baby Friendly Initiative. 2025. Available from: https://www.unicef.org.uk/babyfriendly/baby-friendly-resources/implementing-standards-resources/skin-to-skin-contact/
[20]. Ouma EG, Orango O, Were E, Omwodo KA. Labour pain relief practice by maternal health care providers at a tertiary facility in Kenya: an institution-based descriptive survey. PLoS One. 2024;19(3):e0299211. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0299211
[21]. Navarro-Prado S, Sánchez-Ojeda M, Marmolejo-Martín J, Kapravelou G, Fernández-Gómez E, Martín-Salvador A. Cultural influence on the expression of labour-associated pain. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2022;22(1):836. doi:10.1186/s12884-022-05173-1
[22]. Olayinka OA, Muhammad SB, Halimah SIB, Jibril UN. Exploring obstetric analgesia in labor management: assessing knowledge and usage among midwives in North-Central Nigeria. Int J Med Anesth. 2025;14:e002. doi:10.25259/IJMA_14_2024
[23]. Tesleem BK, Ifeoma OP. Client satisfaction with maternal and child health care services at a public specialist hospital in a Nigerian Province. Turk J Public Health. 2016;14(3):117-117. doi:10.20518/tjph.288390
[24]. Gonzales A. Childbirth satisfaction and maternal role confidence of early postpartum mothers from maternity units. Philipp J Nurs. 2025;88(1). Available from: https://www.herdin.ph/index.php/partner/journal?view=research&cid=71301
[25]. Cockcroft A, Omer K, Gidado YA, Gamawa AI, Andersson N. Impact of universal home visits on maternal and infant outcomes in Bauchi state, Nigeria: protocol of a cluster randomized controlled trial. BMC Health Serv Res. 2018;18(1):510. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-018-3319-z
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Uptake of Multifaceted Interventions and Risky Sexual Behaviors among Adolescent Girls and Young Women: Evidence from the DREAMS Partnership in UgandaAuthor: Moses IsangaDOI: 10.21522/TIJMD.2013.09.03.Art002
Uptake of Multifaceted Interventions and Risky Sexual Behaviors among Adolescent Girls and Young Women: Evidence from the DREAMS Partnership in Uganda
Abstract:
Globally, one million cases of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are reported daily, with approximately 50% arising from risky sexual behaviors among adolescents. This study determined the prevalence of these behaviors, while exploring and synthesizing the barriers and facilitators to multifaceted interventions among adolescent girls and young women (AGYW). Utilizing a descriptive cross-sectional study design, the research integrated both qualitative and quantitative approaches for data collection and analysis. Quantitative data were gathered via structured questionnaires from 385 randomly selected participants and analyzed using STATA 18 software. Qualitative insights were collected through focus group discussions and key informant interviews with purposively selected respondents, then transcribed and analyzed using NVIVO 15 software. Findings revealed that condomless sex was the most prevalent risky sexual behavior (91.7%), while substance abuse was the least common (6.0%). Other identified factors included early sexual debut (50.0%), multiple sexual partners (46.2%), transactional sex (21.0%), casual partnerships (11.2%), and age disparities within five years (91.4%) or ten years apart (8.6%). Key barriers to service uptake included geographical distance, childcare responsibilities, group peer dynamics, economic pressures, gender norms, structural discordance, caregivers’ restrictions and absence of refreshment. Conversely, free DREAMS services, positive trainers’ attitude, economic empowerment, safe spaces, health and social services access, ambitions and stakeholder engagement served as major facilitators. Effectively reducing these behaviors requires a comprehensive understanding of these opposing factors to optimize future interventions.
Uptake of Multifaceted Interventions and Risky Sexual Behaviors among Adolescent Girls and Young Women: Evidence from the DREAMS Partnership in Uganda
References:
[1]. Health Organization. Understanding sexual and reproductive health including HIV/AIDS and STDs among street children. 2000.
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[5]. Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS). HIV and adolescent girls and young women—Thematic briefing note—2024 Global AIDS Update. Geneva: UNAIDS; 2024.
[6]. Madiba S, Ngwenya N. Cultural practices, gender inequality and inconsistent condom use increase vulnerability to HIV infection: narratives from married and cohabiting women in rural communities in Mpumalanga Province, South Africa. Glob Health Action. 2017;10(Suppl 2):1341597.
[7]. UNICEF. Advancing the evidence base on child marriage and HIV: White paper. London & New York: UNICEF; 2019.
[8]. Komuhangi A, Muhumuza A, Kasozi W. Prevalence of risky sexual behavior and its associated factors among adolescent girls and young women in Moroto District, Karamoja Region, Uganda. Texila Int J Public Health. 2025;13(2).
[9]. Matovu I, Musoke M. Associated risk factors of HIV infection among adolescent girls and young women seeking services at a tertiary hospital in Central Uganda. J Environ Sci Public Health. 2024;8(3):143-9.
[10]. Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS). In Danger: Global AIDS Update 2022. Geneva: UNAIDS; 2022.
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[12]. Saul J, Bachman G, Allen S, Toiv NF, Cooney C, Beamon TA. The DREAMS core package of interventions: a comprehensive approach to preventing HIV among adolescent girls and young women. PLoS One. 2018;13(12):e0208167.
[13]. Luswata C. Exploring the association between sexual behavior, socio-demographic and biological factors with HIV infection using data from the 2011 Uganda AIDS Indicator Survey (UAIS) [master's thesis]. Houston: The University of Texas School of Public Health; 2015.
[14]. Mulwa S, Osindo J, Wambiya EO, Gourlay A, Maina BW, Orindi BO, et al. Reaching early adolescents with a complex intervention for HIV prevention: findings from a cohort study to evaluate DREAMS in two informal settlements in Nairobi, Kenya. BMC Public Health. 2021;21(1):1107.
[15]. Zuma T, Gumede D, Mdluli S, Seeley J, Chimbindi N, Floyd S, et al. Exploring perceptions and experiences of adolescent girls and young women participating in DREAMS in rural Northern KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Presented at HIVR4P; 2018; Madrid.
[16]. Machingura F, Busza J, Jamali GM, Makamba M, Mushati P, Chiyaka T, et al. Facilitators and barriers to engaging with the DREAMS initiative among young women who sell sex aged 18-24 in Zimbabwe: a qualitative study. BMC Womens Health. 2023;23(1):257.
[17]. Uganda Bureau of Statistics. Statistical Abstract. Kampala: Uganda Bureau of Statistics; 2013.
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[19]. Mathur S, Pilgrim N, Patel SK, Okal J, Mwapasa V, Chipeta E, et al. HIV vulnerability among adolescent girls and young women: a multi-country latent class analysis approach. Int J Public Health. 2020;65(4):399.
[20]. N'Dri KM, Dah TTE, Nambiema A, Meless DFR, Saka B, Yaya I. Prevalence and associated factors of condomless sex among adolescents and young adults in Liberia: a multilevel analysis using data from the 2019-2020 Demographic and Health Survey. BMC Public Health. 2025;25(1):1511.
[21]. Matovu JK, Bukenya JN, Kasozi D, Kisaka S, Kisa R, Nyabigambo A, et al. Sexual-risk behaviours and HIV and syphilis prevalence among in- and out-of-school adolescent girls and young women in Uganda: a cross-sectional study. PLoS One. 2021;16(9):e0257321.
[22]. Mthiyane N, Shahmanesh M, Copas A, Chimbindi N, Dreyer J, Zuma T, et al. Uptake of multi-level HIV interventions and HIV-related behaviours among young people in rural South Africa. PLoS Glob Public Health. 2024;4(5):e0003258.
[23]. Rucinski KB, Mbita G, Atkins K, Majani E, Komba A, Casalini C, et al. Transactional sex and age-disparate sexual partnerships among adolescent girls and young women in Tanzania. Front Reprod Health. 2024;6:1360339.
[24]. Sserwanja Q, Mwamba D, Poon P, Kim JH. Prevalence and factors associated with risky sexual behaviors among sexually active female adolescents in Zambia. Arch Sex Behav. 2023;52(1):205-15.
[25]. Hassan A, McLorg A, Kamire V, Baker V, Osindo J, Kemigisha E, et al. How can complex interventions be adapted to context? A qualitative analysis of the implementation of DREAMS in three Kenyan settings. 2025.
[26]. Gumede D, Meyer-Weitz A, Zuma T, Shahmanesh M, Seeley J. A qualitative investigation of facilitators and barriers to DREAMS uptake among adolescents with grandparent caregivers in rural KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. PLoS Glob Public Health. 2022;2(9):e0000369.
[27]. Skovdal M, Clausen CL, Magoge-Mandizvidza P, Dzamatira F, Maswera R, Nyamwanza RP, et al. How gender norms and 'good girl' notions prevent adolescent girls and young women from engaging with PrEP: qualitative insights from Zimbabwe. BMC Womens Health. 2022;22(1):344.
[28]. Bashir U. The challenges faced by youths in accessing and benefiting from entrepreneurship skill-acquisition programmes in Southern Senatorial District of Taraba State. Int J Res Innov Appl Sci. 2025;10(8):1155-60.
[29]. Hensen B, Floyd S, Phiri MM, Schaap A, Sigande L, Simuyaba M, et al. The impact of community-based, peer-led sexual and reproductive health services on knowledge of HIV status among adolescents and young people aged 15 to 24 in Lusaka, Zambia: the Yathu Yathu cluster-randomized trial. PLoS Med. 2023;20(4):e1004203.
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Knowledge and Awareness about Dyspepsia Symptoms among Medical Outpatients in a Tertiary HospitalAuthor: Kanu Joseph EDOI: 10.21522/TIJMD.2013.09.03.Art003
Knowledge and Awareness about Dyspepsia Symptoms among Medical Outpatients in a Tertiary Hospital
Abstract:
Dyspepsia is a common clinical presentation, however people frequently ignore the early symptoms until when it becomes severe. The aim of this study was to determine patients’ knowledge and awareness about dyspepsia. A systematic sampling was use to recruit 401 patients. A standard questionnaire was used to collect socio-demographic, clinical details, and risk factors about dyspepsia from the study patients. A twenty-one item questionnaire with four domains (dyspeptic symptoms, causes of dyspepsia, disease process during dyspepsia and treatment approach) were used to assess patients’ knowledge on dyspepsia. Patients knowledge scores were converted into percentages and those with scores ≥ 50% have adequate knowledge while those with <50% have inadequate knowledge. The results showed that up to 254(63.3%) had inadequate knowledge, while only 147(36.7%) had adequate knowledge on dyspepsia. Using a multivariable model, only education (P<0.001) and income (P=0.001), were significantly associated with patients’ knowledge on dyspepsia. Age, gender, marital status, religion and employment were not significantly associated with knowledge (all P-values >0.05 ). Our study documented that majority of the participants had inadequate knowledge on dyspepsia. Both education and income were significantly associated with patient knowledge score.
Knowledge and Awareness about Dyspepsia Symptoms among Medical Outpatients in a Tertiary Hospital
References:
[1]. Bangamwabo JB, Chetwood JD, Dusabejambo V, Ntirenganya C, Nuki G, Nkurunziza A, et al. Prevalence and sociodemographic determinants of dyspepsia in the general population of Rwanda. BMJ Open Gastroenterol. 2020;7(1):e000387. Available from: doi:10.1136/bmjgast-2020-000387
[2]. Vakil N, Van Zanten S, Chang L, Toth G, Sherman J, Fraser M, et al. Comprehension and awareness of symptoms in women with dyspepsia. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2005;22(11-12):1147-55. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2036.2005.02699.x
[3]. Khademolhosseini F, Mehrabani D, Zare N, Salehi M, Heydari ST, Beheshti M, et al. Prevalence of dyspepsia and its correlation with demographic factors and lifestyle in Shiraz, southern Iran. Middle East J Dig Dis. 2010;2(1):24. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4154903/
[4]. Li M, Lu B, Chu L, Zhou H, Chen MY. Prevalence and characteristics of dyspepsia among college students in Zhejiang Province. World J Gastroenterol. 2014;20(13):3649. Available from: doi:10.3748/wjg.v20.i13.3649
[5]. Wang C, Ying Z, Zhou R, Luo Y, Lin T, Shen M, et al. Knowledge, attitude and practice of patients with functional gastrointestinal disorders toward their diseases: a web-based cross-sectional study in a Chinese outpatient setting. BMJ Open. 2025;15(11):e094294. Available from: doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2024-094294
[6]. Shraida AA, Kareem MMA, Al-Abedi HMH. Assessment of nursing students’ knowledge about gastritis. Cent Asian J Med Nat Sci. 2025;6(4):1949-60. Available from: https://cajmns.casjournal.org/index.php/CAJMNS/article/view/2912
[7]. Akhondi-Meybodi M, Aghaei MA, Hashemian Z. The role of diet in the management of non-ulcer dyspepsia. Middle East J Dig Dis. 2015;7(1):19. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4293796/
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[10]. Goh KL. Clinical and epidemiological perspectives of dyspepsia in a multiracial Malaysian population. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2011;26:35-8. Available from: doi:10.1111/j.1440-1746.2011.06648.x
[11]. Bitwayiki R, Orikiiriza JT, Kateera F, Bihizimana P, Karenzi B, Kyamanywa P, et al. Dyspepsia prevalence and impact on quality of life among Rwandan healthcare workers: a cross-sectional survey. S Afr Med J. 2015;105(12). Available from: doi:10.7196/SAMJ.2015.v105i12.9482
[12]. Ranjana VRG, Jothipriya A, Saravana Kumar S. Knowledge and awareness about the symptoms and cause of dyspepsia. Palarch’s J Archaeol Egypt Egyptol. 2020;17(7):1655-63. Available from: https://archives.palarch.nl/index.php/jae/article/view/1410
[13]. Maqbul MS, Alshehri WAA, Beig STM, bin Brik RK, Alshehri AH, Alamri MS, et al. Prevalence of knowledge and awareness about Helicobacter pylori infection among urban population of Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Gastroenterol Endosc. 2024;2(4):196-204. Available from: doi:10.1016/j.gande.2024.08.001
[14]. Malek AI, Abdelbagi M, Odeh L, Alotaibi AT, Alfardan MH, Barqawi HJ. Knowledge, attitudes and practices of adults in the United Arab Emirates regarding Helicobacter pylori induced gastric ulcers and cancers. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2021;22(5):1645. Available from: doi:10.31557/APJCP.2021.22.5.1645
[15]. Lee YJ, Adusumilli G, Kyakulaga F, Muwereza P, Kazungu R, Blackwell TS, et al. Survey on the prevalence of dyspepsia and practices of dyspepsia management in rural Eastern Uganda. Heliyon. 2019;5(6). Available from: doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01644
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[18]. Dafalla SE, Alghamdi HYA, Alsaedi AM, Alzain MAI, Alsaedi ODA, Khormi MA, et al. Awareness of the general population in Jeddah about peptic ulcer disease. Int J Med Dev Ctries. 2021;5(2):656-62. Available from: doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1609363527
[19]. Issa LFM, Alfaqih M, Aljuaid WM, Alamri MAA, Alalyani OM, Alhumaidi AA, et al. Assessment of knowledge, awareness, and practices among the Saudi population regarding the risk factors and management of peptic ulcer. Int J Med Dev Ctries. 2022;6(9):1129. Available from: doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1659009786
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Assessment of Knowledge and Use of Long-Lasting Insecticide Treated Nets (Llins) Among Adults in a Rural Community of Ikot Akpanadia, Ukpom-Abak Ward 1, Abak Lga, Akwa Ibom State, NigeriaAuthor: Victor E. J. EkongDOI: 10.21522/TIJMD.2013.09.03.Art004
Assessment of Knowledge and Use of Long-Lasting Insecticide Treated Nets (Llins) Among Adults in a Rural Community of Ikot Akpanadia, Ukpom-Abak Ward 1, Abak Lga, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria
Abstract:
To assess knowledge, attitude, and use of LLINs among adults in Ikot Akpanadia village, and to identify barriers affecting their utilization. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among all eligible adults in Ikot Akpanadia village, Ukpom–Abak Ward 1, Abak LGA, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. Data were collected using a pre-tested interviewer-administered questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics version 25. The Nearly all respondents (99.5%) had heard of LLINs, and 71.3% reported receiving free LLINs through mass distribution campaigns. Despite high knowledge, only 6.4% reported regular use of LLINs. Utilization was highest among nursing mothers and children. Key barriers included hot weather, negative perceptions, misconceptions about chemicals, and preference for alternative malaria prevention methods. Although knowledge of LLINs was high, utilization was markedly low. Targeted behavior change communication, continuous education, and supportive community-based interventions are required to improve regular and correct use of LLINs in rural populations.
Assessment of Knowledge and Use of Long-Lasting Insecticide Treated Nets (Llins) Among Adults in a Rural Community of Ikot Akpanadia, Ukpom-Abak Ward 1, Abak Lga, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria
References:
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[3]. Adeneye AK, Jegede AS, Nwokocha EE, Mafe MA. Perception and affordability of long-lasting insecticide-treated nets among pregnant women and mothers of children under five years in Ogun State, Nigeria. J Infect Public Health. 2014;7(6):522-33. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JIPH.2014.07.008
[4]. Aderibigbe SA, Olatona FA, Sogunro O, Alawode G, Babatunde OA, Onipe AI, et al. Ownership and utilisation of long-lasting insecticide-treated nets following free distribution campaign in South West Nigeria. Pan Afr Med J. 2014;17:263. Available from: https://doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2014.17.263.3927
[5]. Al-Eryani SMA, Mahdy MAK, Al-Mekhlafi AM, Abdul-Ghani R. Access to and use of long-lasting insecticidal nets and factors associated with non-use among communities in malaria-endemic areas of Al Hudaydah governorate in the Tihama region, west of Yemen. Malar J. 2017;16(1):244. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-017-1894-9
[6]. Apinjoh TO, Anchang-Kimbi JK, Mugri RN, Tangoh DA, Nyingchu RV, Chi HF, et al. The effect of insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) on Plasmodium falciparum infection in rural and semi-urban communities in the South West Region of Cameroon. PLoS One. 2015;10(2). Available from: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0116300
[7]. Babalola S, Ricotta E, Awantang G, Lewicky N, Koenker H, Toso M. Correlates of intra-household ITN use in Liberia: A multilevel analysis of household survey data. PLoS One. 2016;11(7):e0158331. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0158331
[8]. Balami AD, Said SM, Zulkefli NAM, Norsa’adah B, Audu B. Knowledge, motivation, self-efficacy, and their association with insecticidal net use among pregnant women in a secondary health centre in Maiduguri, Nigeria. Malar J. 2018;17(1):359. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-018-2518-8
[9]. Bhatia M. Willingness to pay for treated mosquito nets in Surat, India: The design and descriptive analysis of a household survey. Health Policy Plan. 2002;17(4):402-11. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1093/heapol/17.4.402
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Social, Economic, and Psychosocial Determinants of Antiretroviral Therapy Outcomes in a Fragile Health System: Evidence from Central Equatoria State, South SudanAuthor: David Ayoola OwolabiDOI: 10.21522/TIJMD.2013.09.03.Art005
Social, Economic, and Psychosocial Determinants of Antiretroviral Therapy Outcomes in a Fragile Health System: Evidence from Central Equatoria State, South Sudan
Abstract:
The advent of antiretroviral therapy on a global scale has seen HIV becoming a manageable condition in millions of people, yet this success has not been achieved in conflict-ridden and fragile settings where the outcome of treatment is dependent of economic, social, and psychosocial factors. Protracted political instability, pervasive poverty, population displacement, and constrained health system capacity, makes HIV care in South Sudan challenging. Thus, there is paucity of empirical evidence on the determinants of antiretroviral therapy outcome at primary health care centres. The aim of this study was to examine economic, social, and psychosocial factors, determining the outcome of antiretroviral therapy among adults living with HIV attending clinics at selected primary health care centres in Central Equatoria State. In a cross-sectional analysis of 128 participants across six primary health care facilities, a composite outcome indicator comprising retention in care, extended treatment, clinical status, and viral load containing was constructed. The findings of this study reveal that 71.9% of the participants achieved a favourable composite treatment outcome. Both high perceived social support, and high HIV and antiretroviral therapy-related knowledge were significantly associated with higher odds of favourable outcomes. On the other hand, high economic hardship and high internalized stigma, were associated with substantially reduced odds of treatment success. Adjusting for sociodemographic variables yielded no statistically significant associations. The findings of this study thus indicate that the predominant determinants of antiretroviral therapy outcomes in Central Equatoria State are economic, social, and psychosocial factors, rather than sociodemographic characteristics. Therefore, strengthening HIV programmes in fragile settings requires an integrated interventions approach that address stigma, social support, and economic vulnerability as well as biomedical care.
Social, Economic, and Psychosocial Determinants of Antiretroviral Therapy Outcomes in a Fragile Health System: Evidence from Central Equatoria State, South Sudan
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[17]. Teshome W, Belayneh M, Moges T, Mengistu E. Knowledge, attitude, and adherence to antiretroviral therapy among people living with HIV. BMC Public Health. 2020;20:144. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-8234-z
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Accessing the Effectiveness of Maternal and Child Health Programs in Nasarawa State, NigeriaAuthor: Damina John AliDOI: 10.21522/TIJMD.2013.09.03.Art006
Accessing the Effectiveness of Maternal and Child Health Programs in Nasarawa State, Nigeria
Abstract:
Despite ongoing investments in Maternal Child Health (MCH) programs, preventable maternal and child morbidity and mortality continue to be significant public health issues in Nigeria. At the subnational level, there is still little data on whether these programs produce the desired results in various implementation situations. This study used a cross-sectional mixed-methods methodology to evaluate the obstacles and enablers to MCH program implementation in Nasarawa State. Four Local Government Areas—Akwanga, Keffi, Lafia, and Obi—were used for the study. Using standardized questionnaires, quantitative data was gathered from 35 health providers and 415 women of reproductive age. Focus groups and key informant interviews with service users, facility employees, program managers, and community stakeholders were used to gather qualitative data. While qualitative data were analyzed thematically, quantitative data were analyzed descriptively. The results indicated that MCH services were used extensively. Attendance at antenatal care was 98.2%, skilled birth attendance was 96.3%, facility-based delivery was 94.0%, and child immunization coverage was 95.3%. While community knowledge was almost universal at 99.5%, 86.9% of respondents reported regularly using MCH services. Despite these successes, significant implementation obstacles were found. 42.4% identified aspects of service quality as barriers to optimal utilization and 45.7% of health professionals said there was a scarcity of workers. Implementation was further hampered by delayed funding (65.7%), logistical limitations (60.0%), infrastructure deficiencies, commodities stockouts, gaps in paperwork, and sociocultural factors. Overall, Nasarawa State's MCH programs show high service uptake and knowledge, although they are nevertheless limited by issues with the health system. Improving outcomes requires strengthening worker capacity, enhancing infrastructure, guaranteeing timely finance, and institutionalizing community-based delivery methods.
Accessing the Effectiveness of Maternal and Child Health Programs in Nasarawa State, Nigeria
References:
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[13]. Olorunfemi O, Itula M. Awareness and use of maternal and child health-care services among people of Dagbadna Karu Local Government of Nasarawa State. Arch Med Health Sci. 2023;11(1):14-8. https://doi.org/10.4103/amhs.amhs_14_23
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Occupational Therapy Utilization and Self-Perceived Occupational Functioning among Community-dwelling Stroke Survivors in Southwest Nigeria: A Cross-Sectional Study Using the Model of Human OccupationAuthor: Olumide A. OlaoyeDOI: 10.21522/TIJMD.2013.09.03.Art007
Occupational Therapy Utilization and Self-Perceived Occupational Functioning among Community-dwelling Stroke Survivors in Southwest Nigeria: A Cross-Sectional Study Using the Model of Human Occupation
Abstract:
Stroke is a leading cause of long-term disability that leave survivors with persistent impairments in occupational functioning (OCF). Local evidence on occupational therapy's (OT) association with self-perceived OCF among community-dwelling stroke survivors (SSVs) in Southwest Nigeria remains limited. This study examined OT utilization and OCF among SSVs in Southwest Nigeria, guided by the Model of Human Occupation (MOHO). Using a cross-sectional survey, 74 community-dwelling SSVs: 37 who had utilized OT and 37 age- and sex-matched non-users who received other rehabilitation that were purposively selected from four public tertiary health facilities in Southwest Nigeria participated in this study. OCF was assessed using the 1999 Assessment of Occupational Functioning (AOF), evaluating MOHO's volition (values, personal causation, interests), habituation (roles, habits), and performance skills subsystems. Independent t-tests compared groups; Pearson's correlation examined associations between OT utilization (frequency, dosage) and functioning among OT users. Groups were comparable on most sociodemographic and clinical characteristics (p>0.05), though post-stroke duration and hand dominance differed significantly. Overall OCF was significantly higher among OT users than non-users (55.81±11.61 vs. 37.41±4.43; t=9.01, p<0.001). OT users scored significantly higher across five of six MOHO subsystems; values, personal causation, interests, roles, and habits (p=0.001) with interests showing the strongest effect (t=9.41). No significant group difference emerged in performance skills. Both frequency and cumulative dosage of OT utilization correlated significantly with all occupational functioning domains (p=0.001). OT utilization was associated with significantly higher OCF among Nigerian SSVs, with a clear dose-response relationship, supporting expanded OT access within community stroke rehabilitation pathways.
Occupational Therapy Utilization and Self-Perceived Occupational Functioning among Community-dwelling Stroke Survivors in Southwest Nigeria: A Cross-Sectional Study Using the Model of Human Occupation
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Adherence to Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer Treatment Timeliness at Kenyatta National Hospital, Nairobi City County, KenyaAuthor: Obulemire Edriey RonnieyDOI: 10.21522/TIJMD.2013.09.03.Art008
Adherence to Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer Treatment Timeliness at Kenyatta National Hospital, Nairobi City County, Kenya
Abstract:
Globally, cervical cancer is the fifth commonest cancer diagnosed in women with an annual incidence of 604,0000 cases and 280,000 mortalities. 85% of these mortalities occur in Sub- Saharan Africa. In Kenya, cervical cancer is the second most common cancer and the second leading cause of cancer related fatality. At Kenyatta National Hospital, locally advanced cervical cancer stages and high disease recurrences are prevalent. The broad objective was to determine factors that influence chemoradiotherapy and intracavity brachytherapy treatment turnaround time for locally advanced cervical cancer patients at Kenyatta National Hospital. Analytical cross sectional research design with mixed method was used. Data collection was from July 2023 to June 2024. The sample population was 233 participants based on Fisher et al. formula. Patients were selected through systematic random sampling method. Structured checklists were used to obtain information from patient files. In-depth interviews for purposively sampled key informants were done for the qualitative arm. Informed consent, privacy and confidentiality were maintained throughout the study. Thematic analysis was done for qualitative data. Descriptive and inferential analysis was done using SPSS version 25. The study findings revealed advancing age ≥ 65 years, monthly-income ≤Ksh.10,000, weak social-support network, cancer-stages IIIC and IVA, poor Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (ECOG), HIV-morbidity and machine failure attributed to prolonged cervical-cancer treatment turnaround time. Locally advanced cervical cancer mean treatment duration at Kenyatta National Hospital was 68.66 days, 12.66 days negative-deviation from the recommended ≤ 56 days by National Comprehensive Cancer Network Guidelines. In conclusion,several sociodemographic, hospital and patient disease related factors influence cervical cancer treatment turnaround time at Kenyatta National Hospital.
Adherence to Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer Treatment Timeliness at Kenyatta National Hospital, Nairobi City County, Kenya
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Food System Sustainability, Climate Resilience, and Child Stunting in Sub-Saharan Africa: An Integrated Multi-Country Analysis of SDG 2, 12, and 13 Pathways, 2015–2024Author: Eveline NgwenyiDOI: 10.21522/TIJMD.2013.09.03.Art009
Food System Sustainability, Climate Resilience, and Child Stunting in Sub-Saharan Africa: An Integrated Multi-Country Analysis of SDG 2, 12, and 13 Pathways, 2015–2024
Abstract:
Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) bears 60% of the global child stunting burden while simultaneously recording the world’s highest food insecurity rates, substantial post-harvest losses, and rising climate vulnerability. Despite strong theoretical linkages, no multi-country study has simultaneously quantified the joint effects of food security (SDG 2.1.2), food loss reduction (SDG 12.3.1), and climate resilience (SDG 13) on child stunting across all SSA countries. This study quantifies the independent and synergistic contributions of these SDG 2–12–13 indicators to stunting prevalence across 49 SSA countries (2015–2024) using seven nested OLS regression models (M1–M7), principal component analysis, and k-means cluster analysis. Results demonstrate that food insecurity (FIES_LAST) is the dominant proximal determinant of stunting, with a standardized coefficient of β=+0.653–0.762 maintained consistently across all seven models. Skilled birth attendance (SBA_LAST) is the most robust institutional determinant (β=−0.347 to −0.520). The parsimonious model M7 (FIES + SBA + FLI + LN_GDP) achieves R²adj=0.675 with the highest F-statistic of the series (F=22.294, p<0.001, N=42). Critically, interaction tests (M5, M6) reveal that neither climate risk (FIES×CLI: β=+0.125, p=0.179) nor governance (FIES×GOV: β=−0.079, p=0.473) significantly moderates the food insecurity–stunting relationship, suggesting mediation rather than moderation mechanisms. These findings call for integrated SDG 2–12–13 strategies coupling food access, post-harvest loss reduction, and maternal health investments.
Food System Sustainability, Climate Resilience, and Child Stunting in Sub-Saharan Africa: An Integrated Multi-Country Analysis of SDG 2, 12, and 13 Pathways, 2015–2024
References:
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Skin Health and Safety in Automotive Repair Work: A Cross-sectional Study of PPE Knowledge, Compliance and Skin Health OutcomesAuthor: Olufikemi T. FabusuyiDOI: 10.21522/TIJMD.2013.09.03.Art010
Skin Health and Safety in Automotive Repair Work: A Cross-sectional Study of PPE Knowledge, Compliance and Skin Health Outcomes
Abstract:
Informal automotive repair workers (ARWs) in low-and-middle-income countries are routinely exposed to occupational hazards. Although personal protective equipment (PPE) can reduce occupational dermatoses (ODs), its use remains inconsistent and the relationship between PPE knowledge, utilization patterns and skin diseases in this workforce is not well understood. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 250 male ARWs aged 18–65 years in Ile-Ife, southwestern Nigeria, to assess PPE-related knowledge, utilization patterns, and their association with ODs, data on PPE awareness, knowledge and utilization were collected through interviewer administered questionnaires and the skin was examined. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify predictors of PPE knowledge, compliance and ODs, the level of statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Participants had a mean age of 40.6 ± 11.6 years, most (62.8%), were mechanical repair and maintenance specialists (MRMS). Although PPE awareness was high (89.2%), only 22.0% demonstrated good knowledge, 33.6% reported consistent use. Age and job specialization independently predicted adequate PPE knowledge (p<0.05), inadequate knowledge was the strongest predictor of poor compliance (aOR = 0.011; 95% CI: 0.002–0.058; p < 0.001). ODs were observed in 54.0% of respondents and job specialization was a significant determinant, with MRMS, body and exterior specialists exhibiting higher odds of ODs compared with electrical and system specialists. Despite high awareness, PPE knowledge and utilization among informal ARWs remain suboptimal, alongside a substantial burden of ODs. Targeted, occupation-specific interventions that strengthen PPE knowledge, accessibility and adherence are urgently needed to reduce preventable skin morbidity in this workforce.
Skin Health and Safety in Automotive Repair Work: A Cross-sectional Study of PPE Knowledge, Compliance and Skin Health Outcomes
References:
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[6]. Kassy CW, Ochie NC, Ogugua IJ, Aniemenam CR, Aniwada CE, Aguwa EN. Comparison of knowledge of occupational hazards of lead exposure and blood lead estimation among roadside and organized panel beaters in Enugu metropolis, Nigeria. Pan Afr Med J. 2021;40. doi:10.11604/pamj.2021.40.47.28281.
[7]. Brans R, John SM, Wilke A, Hübner A. Programme for prevention of foot dermatoses in patients with work-related skin diseases: baseline data and first results of a prospective cohort study (OCCUPES). Contact Dermatitis. 2023;89(4). doi:10.1111/cod.14400.
[8]. Malta G, Matera S, Plescia F, Calascibetta A, Argo A, Cannizzaro E. Occupational accidents and the use of PPE: a global meta-analysis. Front Public Health. 2024. doi:10.3389/fpubh.2024.1368991.
[9]. Santos W, Lorente A, Rojas C, Mariscal G, Lorente R. Impact of personal protective equipment in preventing occupational injuries: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Public Health. 2025. doi:10.3389/fpubh.2025.1720363.
[10]. Oche O, Nneka O, Abiola O, Raji I, Jessica A, Bala H, et al. Determinants of occupational health hazards among roadside automobile mechanics in Sokoto Metropolis, Nigeria. Ann Afr Med. 2020;19(2). doi:10.4103/aam.aam_50_18.
[11]. Hassan I, Shah SA, Aslam A, Sultan SJ, Naz S, Sajad K, et al. Pattern of skin disorders in automobile repair workers: a worksite-based field study. Esper Dermatol. 2023;24(4). doi:10.23736/S1128-9155.23.00547-213.
[12]. Dewi RD, Rahardjo SS, Murti B. Application of Health Belief Model on factors influencing the use of personal protective equipment. In. 2019. doi:10.26911/the6thicph.02.0714.
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[14]. Tessema M, Sema W. Utilization of personal protective equipment and associated factors among large-scale factory workers in Debre-Berhan Town, Amhara Region, Ethiopia. J Environ Public Health. 2022;2022. doi:10.1155/2022/8439076.
[15]. de Oliveira A, de Avelar Alchorne MM, de Avelar Alchorne Trivelin ML, de Avelar Alchorne Trivelin S. Occupational dermatosis. In: Dermatology in Public Health Environments: A Comprehensive Textbook. 2nd ed. 2023. doi:10.1007/978-3-031-13505-7_36.
[16]. Heras-Mendaza F, Gómez LCS. Occupational and work-related dermatosis: definition and classification. In. 2023. doi:10.1007/978-3-031-22727-1_1.
[17]. Adu-Gyamfi AB. Occupational risk perception and utilization of personal protective equipment among informal auto-artisans in Ghana: a cross-sectional study. Health Sci Rep. 2025;8(7). doi:10.1002/hsr2.710.
[18]. Johnson O, Motilewa O. Knowledge and use of personal protective equipment among auto technicians in Uyo, Nigeria. Br J Educ Soc Behav Sci. 2016;15(1). doi:10.9734/bjesbs/2016/24546.
[19]. Nalugya A, Kiguli J, Wafula ST, Nuwematsiko R, Mugambe RK, Oputan P, et al. Knowledge, attitude and practices related to the use of personal protective equipment among welders in small-scale metal workshops in Nansana Municipality, Wakiso District, Uganda. Health Psychol Behav Med. 2022;10(1). doi:10.1080/21642850.2022.2106987.
[20]. Jafaralilou H, Zareban I, Hajaghazadeh M, Matin H, Didarloo A. The impact of theory-based educational intervention on improving helmet use behavior among workers of cement factory, Iran. J Egypt Public Health Assoc. 2019;94(1). doi:10.1186/s42506-018-0001-6.
[21]. Adejumo M, Olaiya YV, Sridhar MKC. Blood lead levels among automobile mechanics in a megacity, Lagos, Nigeria. Int J Health Sci (IJHS). 2017;5(2). doi:10.15640/ijhs.v5n2a3.
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[27]. Gounongbé FCA, Agbessi N, Cissé IM, Hinson AV. Epidemiological profile of dermatosis among automobile repair and maintenance garages in the city of Parakou in 2020. Open J Epidemiol. 2022;12(4). doi:10.4236/ojepi.2022.124038.
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Factors Associated with Modern Contraceptive Use Among Reproductive-Aged Women in Osun State, Nigeria: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the Knowledge-Practice GapAuthor: Ogunlade Oromidayo OlakunmiDOI: 10.21522/TIJMD.2013.09.03.Art011
Factors Associated with Modern Contraceptive Use Among Reproductive-Aged Women in Osun State, Nigeria: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the Knowledge-Practice Gap
Abstract:
Almost every woman in Osun State knows about family planning, however, most are not using it. This study give insights into specific barriers preventing women from contraceptive use and the factors that encourage them to adopt it, considering the fact that awareness is higher but uptake is low. This study used a community based cross-sectional design of 144 sexually active women aged 15 to 49 years, and sampled were collected from nine Local Government Areas across all the senatorial districts. Data collection achieved through interview-administered questionnaire and analysed using descriptive statistics, chi-square test using SPSS version 26. The result revealed that 95.8% of respondents are aware of family planning but only 58.3% are currently making use of modern method. Based on the findings, one of the strongest predictor of family planning use is self-efficacy; women who felt confident using contraception have a good uptake of 79.6% compared to 10.5% of those who did not(p<0.001).Top barrier are; Fear of side effects is (61.9%), worry about infertility ( 41.7%) and partner disapproval (34.5%). Higher contraceptive uptake were strongly linked to community health workers contact (p=0.003), community leader endorsement (p<0.001), and partner support (65.5%). Stockouts of commodity affected one of three current contraceptive users. Based on these results, challenges affecting family planning in Osun State is not about awareness, it about building confidence, partners and community and religious leader’s engagement, addressing the deep fears about side effects, and fixing the supply chain weaknesses.
Factors Associated with Modern Contraceptive Use Among Reproductive-Aged Women in Osun State, Nigeria: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the Knowledge-Practice Gap
References:
[1]. World Health Organization. Family planning/Contraception. Geneva: WHO; 2020. Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/family-planning-contraception.
[2]. Adelekan B, Ikuteyijo L, Goldson E, et al. When one door closes: a qualitative exploration of women's experiences of access to sexual and reproductive health services during the COVID-19 lockdown in Nigeria. BMC Public Health. 2024;24(1):1124. doi:10.1186/s12889-024-18590-8.
[3]. Mberu BU, Reed HE. Understanding subgroup fertility differentials in Nigeria. Popul Rev. 2014;53(2):23-46.
[4]. Oyinlola FF, Kupoluyi JA, Adetutu OM. Changes in unmet need for family planning among married women of reproductive age in Nigeria. PLoS One. 2024;19(8):e0306768. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0306768.
[5]. National Population Commission (NPC) [Nigeria], ICF. Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey 2024. Abuja, Nigeria, and Rockville (MD): NPC and ICF; 2025.
[6]. Akinwale O, Damilola A, Okafor N, et al. Awareness and utilisation of modern contraceptives among women of reproductive age in rural community, Osun State, South-West, Nigeria. Int J Reprod Health. 2023;15(2):53-59.
[7]. Fasanu A, Fasanu O, Adeyemo S, et al. Perceived barriers to uptake of family planning services among women of reproductive age in Osun State, Nigeria: findings from a qualitative study. Cureus. 2025;17(3):e82823. doi:10.7759/cureus.82823.
[8]. Sinai I, Omoluabi E, Jimoh A, Jurczynska K. Unmet need for family planning and barriers to contraceptive use in Kaduna, Nigeria: culture, myths and perceptions. Cult Health Sex. 2020;22(11):1253-1268. doi:10.1080/13691058.2019.1657245.
[9]. Amu E, Akinwumi A, Odu O. Family planning awareness, perception, utilisation and barriers among women in Irepodun Local Government Area, Osun State, South-Western Nigeria. J Community Health. 2021;12(4):215-224.
[10]. Stephens M, Schrumpf L, Nsarko N, et al. I have a lot of faith in her: value of community health workers in addressing family planning in rural Ghana. Glob Public Health. 2020;15(10):1509-1521. doi:10.1080/17441692.2020.1763417.
[11]. Akamike IC, Okedo-Alex IN, Eze II, et al. Why does uptake of family planning services remain sub-optimal among Nigerian women? A systematic review of challenges and implications for policy. Contracept Reprod Med. 2020;5:30. doi:10.1186/s40834-020-00133-6.
[12]. Ibikunle OO, Ipinnimo TM, Bakare CA, et al. Community perceptions, beliefs and factors determining family planning uptake among men and women in Ekiti State, Nigeria: findings from a descriptive exploratory study. BMJ Open. 2024;14(4):e077932. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2023-077932.
[13]. Bain LE, Amu H, Tarkang EE. Barriers and motivators of contraceptive use among young people in Sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review of qualitative studies. PLoS One. 2021;16(6):e0252745. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0252745.
[14]. Gueye A, Speizer IS, Corroon M, Okigbo CC. Belief in family planning myths at the individual and community levels and modern contraceptive use in urban Africa. Int Perspect Sex Reprod Health. 2015;41(4):191-199. doi:10.1363/4119115.
[15]. Sinai I, Azogu O, Dabai SS, Waseem S. Role of men in women's health service utilisation in northern Nigeria: a qualitative study of women, men and provider perspectives. BMJ Open. 2024;14(8):e085758. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2024-085758.
[16]. Fajobi O, Fajobi D, Olugbade O, Olowookere S. The factor(s) influencing male involvement in family planning: findings from a rural community in South West, Nigeria. Cent Afr J Public Health. 2021;7(3):103-109. doi:10.11648/j.cajph.20210703.14.
[17]. Tessema GA, Gomersall JS, Mahmood MA, Laurence CO. Factors determining quality of care in family planning services in Africa: a systematic review of mixed evidence. PLoS One. 2016;11(11):e0165627. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0165627.
[18]. Ouedraogo L, Habonimana D, Nkurunziza T, et al. Towards achieving the family planning targets in the African region: a rapid review of task sharing policies. Reprod Health. 2021;18(1):22. doi:10.1186/s12978-021-01073-1.
[19]. Ayuk BE, Yankam BM, Saah FI, Bain LE. Provision of injectable contraceptives by community health workers in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review of safety, acceptability and effectiveness. Hum Resour Health. 2022;20(1):30. doi:10.1186/s12960-022-00725-y.
[20]. Mwakisole A, Lambert V, Nzali A, et al. Partnerships with religious leaders to promote family planning in rural Tanzania: an open-label, cluster randomised trial. Lancet Glob Health. 2023;11(12):e1896-e1905. doi:10.1016/S2214-109X(23)00441-1.
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Barriers and Facilitators to the Implementation of Maternal and Child Health Programs in Nasarawa State, NigeriaAuthor: Damina John AliDOI: 10.21522/TIJMD.2013.09.03.Art012
Barriers and Facilitators to the Implementation of Maternal and Child Health Programs in Nasarawa State, Nigeria
Abstract:
Due to its impact on social development, population well-being, and the effectiveness of the healthcare system, maternal and child health (MCH) continues to be a major global public health concern. Barriers to the successful implementation and utilization of mother and child health programs still exist in Nigeria despite a number of interventions and legislative attempts, especially in underprivileged states like Nasarawa. This study used a cross-sectional descriptive mixed methods methodology to investigate the obstacles influencing the implementation of maternal and child health programs in Nasarawa State, Nigeria. Structured questionnaires were used to gather quantitative data from community stakeholders, health professionals, pregnant women, nursing mothers, and women of reproductive age. Focus groups and key informant interviews with program managers, healthcare professionals, service users, and community actors were used to gather qualitative data. The results showed that distance to health facilities, poor facilities conditions, transportation challenges were the identified obstacles mentioned by service consumers. Health professionals recognized limited infrastructure, staff shortages, weak motivation, operational difficulties, and delayed funding as major obstacles to program delivery. Poor service utilization was also influenced by staff attitudes, language barriers, and cultural beliefs. The study comes to the conclusion that obstacles on both the supply and demand sides seriously impede the execution and efficacy of maternal and child health initiatives in Nasarawa State. Improving mother and child health outcomes requires bolstering funding, hospital facilities, workforce capacity, and community involvement. Policymakers looking for sustainable, equitable, and accessible healthcare delivery throughout the state's rural communities can benefit from the findings.
Barriers and Facilitators to the Implementation of Maternal and Child Health Programs in Nasarawa State, Nigeria
References:
[1]. Mordecai O, Elemuwa CO, Egberipou T, Timighe GC, Sylvanus P, Wilson TR. Maternal and child health trends in Nigeria: a scoping review of NDHS 2018 vs. NDHS 2023. medRxiv. 2025. https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.05.18.25327864
[2]. Geremew AB, Roberts CT, Kassa BG, Ullah S, Stephens JH. Exploring evidence of healthcare-seeking pathways for maternal complications in Sub-Saharan Africa: a scoping review. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2025;25(1):634. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-025-07745-3
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[10]. Khatri RB, Mengistu TS, Assefa Y. Input, process, and output factors contributing to quality of antenatal care services: a scoping review of evidence. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2022;22(1):977. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-022-05331-5
[11]. Suleiman YM, Yohanna W, Aremu SO, Halidu GI, Adamu AI. Utilization, satisfaction, and perceived maternal health benefits of group antenatal care in Karu LGA, North Central, Nigeria. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2025. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-025-08579-9
[12]. Tesfay N, Tariku R, Zenebe A, Mohammed F, Woldeyohannes F. Area of focus to handle delays related to maternal death in Ethiopia. PLoS One. 2022;17(9):e0274909. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0274909
[13]. Banke-Thomas A, Eboreime E. Issues in design, implementation, and evaluation of maternal health interventions in low- and middle-income countries. In: Social Science Perspectives on Global Public Health. Routledge; 2022. p.68-77. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003128373-8
[14]. Ombugadu A. Feeding behaviour of mosquito species in Mararraba-Akunza, Lafia Local Government Area, Nasarawa State, Nigeria. Biomed J Sci Tech Res. 2020;25(1). https://doi.org/10.26717/bjstr.2020.25.004133
[15]. Egwuaba EU, Aliu M, Sunday BA, et al. Exploring hidden barriers to maternal and child health in low-resource communities of Keffi Local Government Area, Nasarawa State, Nigeria: a mixed-methods approach. Discov Public Health. 2026;23:672. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12982-026-01974-3
[16]. Olorunfemi O, Itula M. Awareness and use of maternal and child health-care services among people of Dagbadna Karu Local Government, Nasarawa State, Nigeria. Arch Med Health Sci. 2023;11(1):14-8. https://doi.org/10.4103/amhs.amhs_14_23
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Prevalence of Helicobacter Pylori Antibody Seropositivity among Medical Outpatients in a Tertiary HospitalAuthor: Kanu Joseph EDOI: 10.21522/TIJMD.2013.09.03.Art013
Prevalence of Helicobacter Pylori Antibody Seropositivity among Medical Outpatients in a Tertiary Hospital
Abstract:
Helicobacter Pylori (H. Pylori) infection is one of the most common chronic bacterial infections in humans causing dyspeptic symptoms as a result of gastroduodenal inflammation and ulcers. Prevalence ranges from 20% to 90% depending on geographic location, environmental and hygienic conditions. The aim of the study was to determine the seroprevalence of H. Pylori infection among medical out-patients at the 34 Military Hospital. A systematic sampling was used to recruit 401 patients. We used a standardized questionnaire to collect socio-demographic, clinical details, and risk factors for dyspepsia from the study patients. H. Pylori rapid antibody test was used to determine H. Pylori seropositivity among the study patients. The prevalence of H. Pylori infection was 67.8%. Findings from our study showed no statistically significant association between gender, age, employment status, educational status, marital status and income level as risk factors for positive H. pylori antibodies (all P-values >0.05). There is a high burden of H. pylori infection among outpatients at the 34 Military hospital. However, there was no statistical correlation between H. pylori infection and the demographic or socio-economic profile of patients investigated. Further research in multiple hospitals investigating this critical public health issues is required.
Prevalence of Helicobacter Pylori Antibody Seropositivity among Medical Outpatients in a Tertiary Hospital
References:
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[8]. Aje A, Otegbayo J, Odaibo G, Bojuwoye B. Comparative study of stool antigen test and serology for Helicobacter pylori among Nigerian dyspeptic patients - a pilot study. Niger J Clin Pract. 2010;13(2):120-4. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20499740/
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[10]. Mathewos B, Moges B, Dagnew M. Seroprevalence and trend of Helicobacter pylori infection in Gondar University Hospital among dyspeptic patients, Gondar, North West Ethiopia. BMC Res Notes. 2013;6(1):346. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/1756-0500-6-346
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[13]. Ombugadu D, Oladele O, Onuoha S, Omisope O, Ani A. Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori IgG and stool antigen detection from dyspeptic patients in Jos, Nigeria. Afr J Clin Exper Microbiol. 2018;19(3):177-82. Available from: https://doi.org/10.4314/ajcem.v19i3.4
[14]. Oreh A, Onu A, Moses A. Prevalence and Determinants of Helicobacter Pylori Infection among Adult Dyspeptic Patients in Abuja, Nigeria. West Afr J Med. 2021;38(8):775-84. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34504383/
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[19]. Rothenbacher D, Bode G, Winz T, Berg G, Adler G, Brenner H. Helicobacter pylori in out-patients of a general practitioner: prevalence and determinants of current infection. Epidemiol Infect. 119(2):151-7. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0950268897007905
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Prevalence, Determinants, and Impact of Burnout among Healthcare Professionals Employed by Non-Governmental Organizations in North-Central Nigeria: A Cross-Sectional StudyAuthor: Ozumba, P.J.DOI: 10.21522/TIJMD.2013.09.03.Art014
Prevalence, Determinants, and Impact of Burnout among Healthcare Professionals Employed by Non-Governmental Organizations in North-Central Nigeria: A Cross-Sectional Study
Abstract:
Burnout continues to pose a threat to the global healthcare workforce and impacts employee well-being, patient care, and the healthcare system. Healthcare professionals in Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) in Nigeria provide critical public health services working in a unique environment characterized by donor funding, high workloads, and donor-driven targets, creating a high-risk environment for burnout. Despite their extensive role in Nigeria’s healthcare system, data on burnout among NGO healthcare professionals remain scarce. This study examined the prevalence, determinants, and health effects of burnout among healthcare professionals in selected NGOs in North‑Central Nigeria. We conducted a cross-sectional study between October and November 2024. Participants completed an online questionnaire covering socio-demographic/work-related items, a 15-item Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), and the 12-item Health Related Quality of Life Short Form (SF-12). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, bivariate analyses, and multilevel regression models in R (Version 4.4.2). 130 healthcare professionals (response rate of 36%) participated in the study. Overall burnout prevalence was 60.8%, defined as the presence of burnout in at least one of three dimensions. Low personal accomplishment was the most prevalent burnout dimension (57.7%), followed by depersonalization (16.2%) and emotional exhaustion (2.3%). Demographic characteristics were not significantly associated with burnout. Longer daily work hours were significantly associated with emotional exhaustion (p = 0.002). Burnout is highly prevalent among healthcare professionals working in NGOs in North-Central Nigeria, driven primarily by work-related demands. Organizational strategies focused on workload and workplace support are recommended to improve staff’s well-being and sustain the delivery of quality healthcare services.
Prevalence, Determinants, and Impact of Burnout among Healthcare Professionals Employed by Non-Governmental Organizations in North-Central Nigeria: A Cross-Sectional Study
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