Factors Associated with Incomplete Childhood Immunization among Children Aged 12–36 Months in Burkina Faso
Abstract:
Childhood immunization remains one of the most effective public health interventions to prevent vaccine-preventable diseases. In Burkina Faso, incomplete immunization schedules remain a challenge amid insecurity, population displacement, and health system disruptions. This study aimed to identify factors associated with incomplete immunization and the vaccination dropout rate in children aged 12 to 36 months. A secondary analysis of the 2021 Burkina Faso Demographic and Health Survey (2021-DHS-BF) data was performed. Incomplete immunization was defined as a child not receiving all recommended routine vaccine doses by 15 months of age. Factors associated with incomplete immunization were identified using modified Poisson regression with generalized estimating equations; adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR) with 95% confidence intervals were reported at a 5% significance threshold. Among the 2,375 children who met the eligibility criteria in the 2021-DHS-BF dataset, 1,482 (66.0%) had not completed their immunization schedule. The dropout rate between the first and third doses of the pentavalent vaccine was 11.0%. Maternal occupation (Saler: aPR = 0.89, 95% CI: 0.80–0.98 and farmer/self-employed: aPR = 0.93; 0.85, 95% CI: 0.78–0.94) and being treated with respect “sometimes” at health facilities (aPR = 1.14, 95% CI: 1.02–1.27) were associated with an incomplete immunization schedule. Strengthening person-centered care, improving post-first-dose follow-up, and expanding community-based outreach strategies could improve immunization schedule completion.References:
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