Nursing Workforce Education and Its Implication On Maternal Health In Borno State

Download Article

DOI: 10.21522/TIJNR.2015.02.01.Art012

Authors : Musa James Lassa

Abstract:

The relationship between nursing and maternal health presents a legitimate policy discussion. In this qualitative descriptive study, the views of nurse experts on the current status of nursing and midwifery education, and workforce development issues as they relate to maternal health in Nigeria was explored. Focus was on experts as they constitute important players in policy decisions related to nursing workforce and maternal health services delivery. Qualitative content analysis was used to analyze interview data. The findings of this study indicated that nursing and midwifery schools utilize a rigorous curriculum mandated by the Nursing and Midwifery Council of Nigeria (NMCN). It was also found that nursing workforce development is plagued by pedagogical issues, gender issues, and multifaceted health systems challenges. These findings suggest that Nigerian nursing workforce is highly unstable and broader policies on workforce training, recruitment and retention are needed to improve maternal health outcomes.

References:

[1.] ADIKIBI, A (2009). The impact of healthcare staff migration: lessons from Nigeria’s river state. Pract. Midw. 12(1):46. AWOFESO, N (2010). Improving health workforce recruitment and retention in rural and remote regions of Nigeria. Rural rem. Health 10:1319. BORNO STATE GOVERNMENT (2011A). Welcome to Borno state. Available at: http://www.bornostate.gov.ng/ (accessed 10 august 2014).

[2.] BORNO STATE GOVERNMENT (2011B). Overview: Location and people. Available at: http://www.bornostate.gov.ng/aboutanambra.html (accessed 10 august 2014).

[3.] BULATAO RA, ROSS JA (2003). Which health services reduce maternal mortality? evidence from ratings of maternal health services. Trop. Med. Int. Health 8(8): 710721.

[4.] BUOR D, BREAM K (2004). An analysis of the determinants of maternal mortality in subSaharan Africa. J. Women health (larchmt). 13(8):926938.

[5.] CHANKOVA S, NGUYEN H, CHIPANTA D, KOMBE G, ONOJA A, OGUNGBEMI K (2006). A situation assessment of human resources in the public health sector in Nigeria: A joint government of Nigeria (fmoh/naca) and phrplus report. Available at: http://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/pnadh422.pdf (accessed 19 November 2014).

[6.] CLEMENS, MA (2010). Health worker migration: Disease or symptom? Global health. Available at: http://www.globalhealthmagazine.com/ Cover stories/health worker_ migration (accessed 16 may 2012) DOVLO, D (2007). Migration of nurses from subSaharan Africa: a review of issues and challenges. Health serv. Res. 42(3): part ii, 13731388.

[7.] ELO S, KYNGAS H (2007). The qualitative content analysis process. J. Adv. Nurse. 62(1):107115. EZEONWU, MC (2011). Maternal birth outcomes: processes and challenges in Borno state, Nigeria. Health care women int. 32(6): 492514.

[8.] FAGEN, PW (2009). The migration of health care workers in the western Hemisphere: issues and impacts. United Nations publications eclac – Studies and perspectives series. No. 7, Washington. Available at: http://www.eclac.cl/publicaciones/xml/3/38353/2009689 s7eypwas the migration of heath care workers web.pdf (accessed 12 October 2014).

[9.] GEREIN N, GREEN A, PEARSON S (2006). The implications of shortages of health professionals for maternal health in subsaharan Africa. Reprod. Health matters 14(27):4050.

[10.] GRANEHEIM UH, LUNDMAN B (2004). Qualitative content analysis in nursing research: concepts, procedures and measures to achieve trustworthiness. Nurse educ. Today 24:105112.

[11.] HAGOPIAN A, OFOSU A, FATUSI A, BIRITWUM R, ESSEL A, GARY HART L, WATTS C (2005). The flight of physicians from west Africa: views of African Physicians and implications for policy. Soc. Sci. Med. 61(8):17501760.

[12.] HANCOCK PK (2008). Nurse migration: the effects on nursing education. int. Nurse. rev. 55:258264. Joint learning initiative [jli] (2004).

[13.] HUMAN RESOURCES FOR HEALTH: overcoming the crisis. Available at: http://www.healthgap.org/camp/hcw_docs/jli_human_resources_for_health.pdf (accessed 16 November 2014).

[14.] LABIRAN A, MAFE M, ONAJOLE B, LAMBO E (2008). Health resources for health country profile: Nigeria. Available at: http://www.hrhobservatory.afro.who.int/images/documentcentre/Nigeria _country_profile.pdf (accessed 20 October 2014).

[15.] MACKEY KM, LIANG BA (2012). Rebalancing brain drain: exploring resource allocation to address health worker migration and promote global health. health policy 107(1):6673.

[16.] MUNJANJA OK, KIBUKA S, DOVLO D (2005). The nursing workforce in subSaharan Africa. Available at: http://www.icn.ch/images/stories/documents/publications/gnri/issue7_ssa.pdf (accessed 19 November 2014). NATIONAL BUREAU OF STATISTICS (2010). Women and men in Nigeria, 2009. Available at: http://www.nigerianstat.gov.ng/ (accessed 10 august 2014).

[17.] NATIONAL COALITION ON AFFIRMATIVE ACTION (2009). National gender policy: federal republic of Nigeria. Available at: http://www.aacoalition.org/national_policywomen.htm#top (accessed 23 November 2014).

[18.] NATIONAL UNIVERSITIES COMMISSION [NUC] (2012). Universities: list of nigerian universities and years founded. Available at: http://www.nuc.edu.ng/pages/universities.asp (accessed 19 November 2014).

[19.] NDATSU, PN (2004). Nursing and midwifery council of Nigeria’s role in maintaining standards in nursing education and practice. A paper presented at the conference of the committee of principals of schools of nursing, psychiatry and midwifery (copsnpam). Ilorin, nigeria. Available at: http://www.nmcnigeria.org/pub/paper2004.pdf (accessed 23 September 2014).

[20.] NURSING AND MIDWIFERY COUNCIL OF NIGERIA [NMCN] (2005). Nursing as a career: nursing education programs in Nigeria. Available at: http://nmcnigeria.org/career.php (accessed 23 October 2014).

[21.] NURSING AND MIDWIFERY COUNCIL OF NIGERIA [NMCN] (2007). Establishment. Available at: http://www.nmcnigeria.org/estab.php (accessed 7 September 2014). Nursing and midwifery council of Nigeria [nmcn] (2010). List of approved schools of nursing, midwifery, post basic nursing programmers’ and departments of nursing in Nigeria and their accreditation status as at 31st july, 2010. Available at: http://www.nmcnigeria.org/approved_schools.pdf (accessed 10 august 2014). Oladera (1996).

[22.] Nursing education and administration in Nigeria: progress and challenges . J. Nurs. admin. 26(6): 1619.

[23.] ORUBULOYE O, ONI B (1996). Health transition research in Nigeria in the era of structural adjustment programme. Health transit. Rev. 6:301324. PITTMAN P, FOLSOM A, BASS E, LEONHARDY K (2007). U.Sbased international nurse recruitment: structure and practices of a burgeoning industry. Available at: http://www.intlnursemigration.org/assets/pdfs/reportonyeari.pdf (accessed 11 November 2014).

[24.] POPOOLA, D (1993). Nigeria: consequences for health. In: “the impact of structural adjustment on the population of Africa: implications for education, health and employment”. Heinemann, London. Post and parcel (2007). The importance of migration and remittances to economic stability and competitiveness. Available at:

http://postandparcel.info/24553/indepth/theimportanceofmigration­andremittancestoeconomicstabilityandcompetitiveness/ (accessed 20 September 2014).

[25.] SHIFFMAN, J (2007). Generating political priority for maternal mortality reduction in 5 developing countries. Am. J. Publ. Health. 97(5):796803. tache s, schillinger d (2009). Health worker migration: time for the global justice approach. Am. J. Publ. Health. 9(3):1214.

[26.] World Health Organization [WHO] (2006). The world health report 2006working together for health. Available at: http://www.who.int/whr/2006/en (accessed 30 September 2014).

[27.] World Health Organization [WHO] (2011). Nigeria: country Statistics. Available at: http://apps.who.int/ghodata/?vid=15000&theme=country (accessed 19 October 2014).

[28.] World Health Organization [WHO] (2012). Who countries: Nigeria. Available at: http://www.who.int/countries/nga/en/1