Prevalence of Malnutrition among Children Under 5 Years of Age in Chukudum Hospital, Budi County, South Sudan

Download Article

DOI: 10.21522/TIJAR.2014.12.03.Art031

Authors : Sisto Michael Icha

Abstract:

South Sudan was faced with a lot of geo-political issues which some had impacted on children health resulting in poor nutritional status. This research study is to find out the prevalence of malnutrition among children aged 6-59 months sampled in Chukudum hospital, Budi County. The study used descriptive cross- sectional study design which involved 222 children sampled amongst children age 6-59 months in Chukudum hospital. The purposive sampling technique has been used for this study in which any mother or caretaker who comes with a child for health services in the hospital were included. The questionnaires were designed to gather information about prevalence of Malnutrition. The data was collected was analyzed using the SPSS 25 statistical package. Most of the mothers or caretakers were between the ages of 20-25 years who were interviewed during the study. 167(75.2%) of the respondents stopped their children from breastfeeding after two years. 143(64.4%) of the respondents feed their children on vegetables while 164(73.9%) of the respondents feeds their children twice a day.124 (55.9%) of the respondents earned incomes of 5000-10000 SSP per month. 115(51.8%) of the respondents said they don’t produce enough food to eat. 89 (40.1%) of the children present signs and symptoms of dry, loose skin. The prevalence of wasting (16.6%) stunted (2.7%) and underweight (7.7%) among the children 6-59 months.

References:

[1]. Soeters, P., Bozzetti, F., Cynober, L., Forbes, A., Shenkin, A., & Sobotka, L., 2016, Defining malnutrition: A plea to rethink. Clinical Nutrition, 35(3), 512-523.

[2]. World Health Organization, 2024, Global comprehensive implementation plan on maternal, infant, and young child nutrition, https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240068303 ,Accessed: 26 August 2024.

[3]. World Health Organization., 2023 ,Obesity and overweight among children in low- and middle-income countries.https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/obesity-and-overweight ,Accessed: 26 August 2024.

[4]. WHO, 2016- 2025, United Nations Decade of Action on Nutrition report, https://apps.who.int/gb/ebwha/pdf_files/EB152/B152_24-en.pdf.Acessed 12 June 2024.

[5]. SMART Survey, 2019-2020, Nutritional situation analysis in areas affected by civil conflict in Burkina Faso.https://www.smartmethodology.org/burkina-faso-nutritional-situation-analysis , Accessed: 12 June 2024.

[6]. South Sudan IPC acute food insecurity and malnutrition analysis, August 2019-April 2020, Integrated food security classification report, issued: 11 September 2019. https://www.ipcinfo.org/ipc-country-analysis/details-map/en/c/1156668/

[7]. Frozanfar, M. K., Yoshida, Y., Yamamoto, E., Reyer, J. A., Dalil, S., Rahimzad, A. D., & Hamajima, N., 2016, Acute malnutrition among under-five children in Faryab, Afghanistan: Prevalence and causes. Nagoya Journal of Medical Science, 78(1), 41–53.

[8]. Abdulzahra, M. F., Ahmed, J. T., & Kadhem, Q. I., 2022, Prevalence of malnutrition among children under five years in Babylon Governorate, Iraq. International Journal of Health Sciences, II, 12885-12893.

[9]. Ganesan, S., Jayaraj, J., Geminiganesan, S., Rajan, M., 2022, A study on parental awareness of feeding practices in children in the age-group 12-24 months. J Prev Med Hyg. 2022 Jan 31;62(4):E909-E917. doi: 10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2021.62.4.2287. PMID: 35603241; PMCID: PMC9104673.

[10]. Hart, L. M., Damiano, S. R., Cornell, C., & Paxton, S. J., 2015, what parents know and want to learn about healthy eating and body image in preschool children: A triangulated qualitative study with parents and early childhood professionals. BMC Public Health, 15,

[11]. Mohammed, S., Larijani, B., & Esmaillzadeh, 2019, A. Concurrent anemia and stunting in young children: prevalence, dietary and non-dietary associated factors. Nutr J 18, 10 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12937-019-0436-4

[12]. Suberu, A., 2020, Prevalence and associated factors for protein-energy malnutrition among children below 5 years admitted at Jinja Regional Referral Hospital. Journal of Pediatric Nutrition, 35(4), 0-17.

[13]. Ajakaye, O. G., & Ibukunoluwa, M. R., 2020, Prevalence and risk of malaria, anemia and malnutrition among children in IDPs camp in Edo State, Nigeria. Parasite Epidemiology and Control, 8, 00127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.parepi.2019.e00127, Accessed: 28 August, 2024.

[14]. Excler, J. L., Nicolas, E., Mojon, M., Protein-energy malnutrition in an urban African milieu (Togo). Etiologic factors in kwashiorkor and marasmus-kwashiorkor. ]ournal of Tropical Medicine 1985; 45(2):155-61.

[15]. UNICEF, 2020, Scaling Up Care for Children with Severe and acute Malnutrition in South Sudan: Lessons Learned from Expanding Quality Services in a Complex Emergency Context. New York. 2020.

[16]. Windus, J. L., Duncanson, K., Burrows, T. L., Collins, C. E., Rollo, M. E., 2022, Review of dietary assessment studies conducted among Khmer populations living in Cambodia. J Human Nutr Diet. 2022 Oct;35 (5):901-918. doi: 10.1111/jhn.13011. Epub 2022 Apr 19. PMID: 35377499; PMCID: PMC9545030.

[17]. Ringler, C., Zhu, T., Cai, X., Koo, J., & Wang, D., 2010, Climate change impacts on food security in Sub-Saharan Africa: Insights from comprehensive climate change scenarios.

[18]. Battisti, A., 2008, Forests and climate change-lessons from insects. IFOREST-Biogeo sciences and forestry, 1(1), 1.Accessed 3 January 2025

[19]. Desai, S., & Alva, S., 1998, maternal education and child health: Is there a strong causal relationship? Demography, 35(1), 71–81.

[20]. Drammeh W., Hamid, N. A., & Rohana, A. J., 2019, Determinants of household food insecurity and its association with child malnutrition in sub-Saharan Africa: A review of the literature. Current Research in Nutrition and Food Science, 7(3), 610–623.

[21]. Chaudhury, R. H., 1983, Effects of mothers’ work on child care, dietary intake, and Dietary adequacy of pre-school children, International Food and Nutrition Program Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge

[22]. Vazir, S., Naidu, A. N., Vidyasagar, P., 1998, Nutritional status, psychosocial development and the home environment of Indian rural children. Indian Pediatrics. Oct;35 (10):959-966. PMID: 10216718.

[23]. Kiros, G. E., Hogan, D. P., War, famine and excess child mortality in Africa: the role of parental education. Int J Epidemiol. 2001 Jun;30(3):447-55; discussion 456. doi: 10.1093/ije/30.3.447. PMID: 11416062.

[24]. Govender, I., Rangiah, S., Kaswa, R., Nzaumvila, D., 2004, Malnutrition in children under the age of 5 years in a primary health care setting. S Afr Fam Pract (2004). 2021 Sep 7;63(1):e1-e6. doi: 10.4102/safp.v63i1.5337. Erratum in: S Afr Fam Pract (2004). 2021 Dec 14;63(1):5416. doi: 10.4102/safp.v63i1.5416. PMID: 34677078; PMCID: PMC8517826.