Abstract:

General Nursing Council recruitment and selection guidelines requires passing of an aptitude test by candidates wishing to train as nurses, a prerequisite that has been received with mixed feelings due to the high failure rate inherent with the test. The investigator therefore undertook the study to determine if there was any relationship with passing of the aptitude test and the performance of students during training.

A purposive, retrospective review of records was done and IBM SPSS statistical package, version 20 was used to analyze data.

The findings revealed that passing the aptitude test, was not indicative of definite subsequent passing of the nursing courses by students. In conclusion passing aptitude test was not a determinant of ability of student to pass their nursing examinations.

Keywords: Aptitude, performance, nursing education, regulation.

References:

[1.]   American Association of College of Nursing, (2011). New AACN Data Show an Enrollment Surge in Baccalaureate and Graduate Programs Amid Calls for More Highly Educated Nurses. http://www.aacn.nche.edu/news/articles/2012/enrollment-data

[2.]   Burns N., and Grove S, K., (2003), Understanding Nursing Research. 3rd Edition. Sunders. Philadelphia.

[3.]   Grimholt et al., (2014), Perceived competence and attitudes towards patients with suicidal behaviour: a survey of general practitioners, psychiatrists and internists http://www.biomedcentral.com/1472-6963/14/208

[4.]   Hain, D., (2013), “Overview and Summary: Delivering Nursing Care: Current Factors to Consider". The Online Journal of Issues in Nursing Vol. 18, No. 2. http://nursingworld.org/MainMenuCategories/ANAMarketplace/ANAPeriodicals.OJIN/tableofcontents/vol18-2013/No2-May-2013/overviewandsummary-Delivering-Nursing-Care.html#Hain

[5.]   http://www.kumc.edu/school-of-health-professions/nurse-anesthesia-education/prospective-students/eligibility-and-requirements.html

[6.]   Kervin J., et al (1999), Pre-registration diploma students: a quantitative study of entry characteristics and course outcomes. Journal of Advanced Nursing, volume 30, Issue No 4, pages 785 -795.

[7.]   Nieswiadom M, R., (2002), Foundations of nursing Research. 4th Edition. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey.

[8.]   Polit F, D., and Hungler B, P., 1997, Essentials of Nursing research. Methods, Appraisal and utilization. 4th Edition, Lippincott. Philadephia.

[9.]   Polit F, D., and Beck /c, T., (2004), Nursing Research. Principles and Methods. 7th Edition. Limppincott, Williams and principles. Wilkins, London.

[10.]   Slaninka, S, C., (2011), Nursing Students Share Top Reasons for Being a Nurse. Copyright 2011 ©Merion Matters • 2900 Horizon Drive, King of Prussia, PA 19406 • 800-355-5627, Publishers of Advance Newsmagazines • www.advanceweb.com

[11.]   University of Kansas Medical center (2015), KU Nurse Anaesthesia Education.

[12.]   Zyongwe M, C and., Zyongwe N, M, (2010), Development of Nursing in Zambia.

Abstract:

The purpose of this study was to examine societal contribution in incidence of puerperal psychosis in Federal Psychiatric hospital, Calabar. In order to achieve this purpose, three research questions and three hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. The descriptive survey research design was used for the study. The population of study comprised all female psychiatric patients suffering from puerperal psychosis in Federal Psychiatric Hospital, Calabar. A convenience method of non-probability sampling was used to select sample for the study. This was made possible with in-patients’ record from female wards in the hospital revealing a total of 50 patients. Instruments used for collection of data were questionnaires and face to face interview. The reliability of the instrument was established through internal consistency technique using Cronbach Alpha Analysis. A reliability estimate of 0.867 was obtained for the instrument. Chi-square statistical analysis was used for testing the hypotheses. All the hypotheses formulated were tested at. 05 level of significance. The result of the analysis revealed that acceptability of married women by family does significantly contribute to puerperal psychosis. Again, denial of pregnancy does significantly contribute to puerperal psychosis. Finally, the result revealed that continuous delivery of same sex children does significantly contribute to puerperal psychosis. Based on this findings, it was concluded that society do contribute to incidence of puerperal psychosis in Federal Psychiatric Hospital Calabar, Nigeria. It was therefore recommended that the media, traditional leader and religious organisations should educate the citizens on the importance of family members allowing married couples to live their life without undue intervention. Lastly, Government should enforce legislation to punish any man who for one reason or the other maltreats his wife.

Keywords: puerperium, psychosis, tranquilizer

References:

[1.]   Almeida, Ana; Merminod, Gaëlle; Schechter, Daniel S. (2009). "Mothers with severe psychiatric illness and their newborns: a hospital-based model of perinatal consultation". Zero to Three 29 (5): 40–6. ISSN 0736-8038.

[2.]   Doucet S, Jones I, Letourneau N et al. (2011). Interventions for the prevention and treatment of postpartum psychosis: a systematic review. Archives of Women's Mental Health. 14(2): 89-98.

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[4.]   https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postpartum_psychosis

[5.]   Jones, I.; Craddock, N (2001). "Familiality of the Puerperal Trigger in Bipolar Disorder: Results of a Family Study". American Journal of Psychiatry 158 (6): 913–7. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.158.6.913. PMID 11384899.

[6.]   Jones, Ian; Hamshere, M; Nangle, JM; Bennett, P; Green, E; Heron, J; Segurado, R; Lambert, D; Holmans, P; Corvin, A; Owen, M; Jones, L; Gill, M; Craddock, N (2007). "Bipolar Affective Puerperal Psychosis: Genome-Wide Significant Evidence for Linkage to Chromosome 16". American Journal of Psychiatry 164 (7): 1099–104. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.164.7.1099. PMID 17606662.

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[8.]   Kaplan & Sadock’s (1994), Synopsis of Psychiatry: Behavioural Sciences/Psychiatry 10^th Edition

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[11.]   Osiander, Friedrich Benjamin (1797). "Glücklich gehobenes hitziges Fieber einer Wöchnerin mit Wahnsinn" [Happy young mother with a violent fever upscale madness]. Neue Denkwuerdigkeiten fuer Aerzte und Geburtshelfer [New memoirs for physicians and obstetricians] (in German) 1. Goettingen: Rosenbusch. pp. 52–128

[12.]   Peplau, Hildegard E. (1998), Psychodynamic Nursing. In A. Tomey & M. Alligood. Nursing Theorists and their Work (4th ed., pp. 337). St. Louis, Mosby.

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[14.]   Robertson, E. (2005). "Risk of puerperal and non-puerperal recurrence of illness following bipolar affective puerperal (post-partum) psychosis". The British Journal of Psychiatry 186 (3): 258–9. doi:10.1192/bjp.186.3.258. PMID 15738508.

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[16.]   Twomey, Teresa (2009). Understanding Postpartum Psychosis: A Temporary Madness. Westport, CT: Praeger. p. 12. ISBN 978-0-313-35346-8.

Abstract:

This study assesses the knowledge & attitudes of nurses regarding standard precautions about health care associated infections (HAIs) among the different hospitals of Lahore, Pakistan. Exposure to the body fluids and blood is the main sources for HAIs to the patients. Health care associated infection is a critical issue in the health care facilities because it causes mortality and infection among the hospitalized patients and health care workers. The World Health organization reported that ninety percent of infections among health care workers (HCWs) are associated with the occupational exposure to the body fluids and blood in the developing countries (Wilburn, et al., 2013). Standard precautions are used to provide the protection to health care providers from damages and to stop spread of nosocomial infection. Standard precautions recommend the proper hand hygiene before and after the procedure while contact with the patients (Boyce, et al., 2013).

The current study is of quantitative and cross-sectional design. Target population of the current study was 600 nursing staff of two hospitals of Lahore, Pakistan in which one is public hospital and other one is private hospital. The sample size of the current study was 172 which were calculated by using Slovin’s formula. SPSS 20 was used for the data analysis.

The current study result shows that nurses have adequate knowledge regarding standard precautions of HAIs but lack the intention about precautions of HAIs. Thus, it is concluded that low level attitude of nursing staff regarding standards precautions about HAIs was assessed which cause infections to the health care providers and patients.

Keywords: Knowledge, Attitudes, Nurses, Standard precautions and Healthcare associated infections (HAIs).

References:

[1.]   Asadollahi, M., Bostanabad, M. A., Jebraili, M., Mahallei, M., Rasooli, A. S., & Abdolalipour, M. (2015). Nurses' knowledge regarding hand hygiene and its individual and organizational predictors. Journal of caring sciences, 4(1), 45.

[2.]   Boyce, J. M., & Pittet, D. (2002). Guideline for hand hygiene in health-care settings: recommendations of the Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee and the HICPAC/SHEA/APIC/IDSA Hand Hygiene Task Force. American journal of infection control, 30(8), S1-S46.

[3.]   De Angelis, G., Cataldo, M. A., De Waure, C., Venturiello, S., La Torre, G., Cauda, R., & Tacconelli, E. (2014). Infection control and prevention measures to reduce the spread of vancomycin-resistant enterococci in hospitalized patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, dkt525.

[4.]   Ellingson, K., Haas, J. P., Aiello, A. E., Kusek, L., Maragakis, L. L., Olmsted, R. N., & VanAmringe, M. (2014). Strategies to prevent healthcare-associated infections through hand hygiene. Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology, 35(08), 937-960.

[5.]   Eriksen, H. M., Iversen, B. G., & Aavitsland, P. (2005). Prevalence of nosocomial infections in hospitals in Norway, 2002 and 2003. Journal of Hospital Infection, 60(1), 40-45.

[6.]   Europe, W. (2012). Management of Hepatitis C and HIV co-infection-Clinical protocol for the WHO European Region. Last accessed September, 12.

[7.]   Hosseinialhashemi, M., Kermani, F. S., Palenik, C. J., Pourasghari, H., & Askarian, M. (2015). Knowledge, attitudes, and practices of health care personnel concerning hand hygiene in Shiraz University of Medical Sciences hospitals, 2013-2014. American journal of infection control, 43(9), 1009-1011.

[8.]   Jain, M., Dogra, V., Mishra, B., Thakur, A., & Loomba, P. S. (2015). Knowledge and attitude of doctors and nurses regarding indication for catheterization and prevention of catheter-associated urinary tract infection in a tertiary care hospital. Indian journal of critical care medicine: peer-reviewed, official publication of Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine, 19(2), 76.

[9.]   Kanwar, V., Sood, A., Gupta, P. K., & Salaria, N. (2015). Knowledge regarding infection control practices among nurses in rural public health settings: an emerging public health concern in India. Int J Health Sci Res, 5(2), 282-287.

[10.]   Kirk, J., Kendall, A., Marx, J. F., Pincock, T., Young, E., Hughes, J. M., & Landers, T. (2016). Point of care hand hygiene—where's the rub? A survey of US and Canadian health care workers' knowledge, attitudes, and practices. American journal of infection control.

[11.]   Magill, S. S., Edwards, J. R., Bamberg, W., Beldavs, Z. G., Dumyati, G., Kainer, M. A., & Ray, S. M. (2014). Multistate point-prevalence survey of health care–associated infections. New England Journal of Medicine, 370(13), 1198-1208.

[12.]   Mbaisi, E. M., Wanzala, P., & Omolo, J. (2013). Prevalence and factors associated with percutaneous injuries and splash exposures among health-care workers in a provincial hospital, Kenya, 2010. Pan African Medical Journal, 14(1).

[13.]   Mody, L., Meddings, J., Edson, B. S., McNamara, S. E., Trautner, B. W., Stone, N. D., & Saint, S. (2015). Enhancing resident safety by preventing healthcare-associated infection: a national initiative to reduce catheter-associated urinary tract infections in nursing homes. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 61(1), 86-94.

[14.]   Morgan, D. J., Rogawski, E., Thom, K. A., Johnson, J. K., Perencevich, E. N., Shardell, M., & Harris, A. D. (2012). Transfer of multidrug-resistant bacteria to healthcare workers’ gloves and gowns after patient contact increases with environmental contamination. Critical care medicine, 40(4), 1045.

[15.]   Parmeggiani, C., Abbate, R., Marinelli, P., & Angelillo, I. F. (2010). Healthcare workers and health care-associated infections: knowledge, attitudes, and behavior in emergency departments in Italy. BMC infectious diseases, 10(1), 1.

[16.]   Polin, R. A., Denson, S., Brady, M. T., Papile, L. A., Baley, J. E., Carlo, W. A., & Byington, C. L. (2012). Strategies for prevention of health care–associated infections in the NICU. Pediatrics, 129(4), e1085-e1093.

[17.]   Septimus, E., Weinstein, R. A., Perl, T. M., Goldmann, D. A., & Yokoe, D. S. (2014). Approaches for preventing healthcare-associated infections: go long or go wide?. Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology, 35(07), 797-801.

[18.]   Serrano, M., Barcenilla, F., Limón, E., Pujol, M., & Gudiol, F. (2016). [Prevalence of healthcare-associated infections in long-term care facilities in Catalonia. VINCat Program]. Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica.

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[20.]   Wilburn SQ, Eijkemans G. (2013). Preventing needlestick injuries among healthcare workers: a WHO-ICN collaboration.

[21.]   Yang, S. P., Chen, Y. Y., Hsu, H. S., Wang, F. D., Chen, L. Y., & Fung, C. P. (2013). A risk factor analysis of healthcare-associated fungal infections in an intensive care unit: a retrospective cohort study. BMC infectious diseases, 13(1), 1.

Abstract:

The emotional situation or demand of the work from the student may create stress among the nursing students. Stress for the students at class room is very common and altered their mental and physical health. Similarly, the tiring nature of clinical practice also reduce the performance and ability to gain the knowledge of the nursing students. Thus, aim of the current study is to investigate the sources of stress among the nursing students. The study consists of a sample of122 nursing students of the private universities of Lahore. The study results reveals that students of nursing experiences stress through the following four sources i.e. academics, clinical rotation, personal problems and environment. Furthermore, nursing students of private universities experiences more stress from the academic sources of stress than the other three categories. The study provides the recommendations and implications in the future findings.

Keywords: Stress, academic sources, clinical sources, personal sources, environmental sources, nursing students.

References:

[1.]   Cohen-Scali, V. (2003). The influence of family, social, and work socialization on the construction of the professional identity of young adults. Journal of career development, 29(4), 237-249.

[2.]   Edwards, D., Burnard, P., Bennett, K., & Hebden, U. (2010). A longitudinal study of stress and self-esteem in student nurses. Nurse education today, 30(1), 78-84.

[3.]   Edward, K. L., Warelow, P., Hemingway, S., Hercelinskyj, G., Welch, A., McAndrew, S., & Stephenson, J. (2015). Motivations of nursing students regarding their educational preparation for mental health nursing in Australia and the United Kingdom: a survey evaluation. BMC nursing, 14(1), 1.

[4.]   Eswi, A. S., Radi, S., & Youssri, H. (2013). Stress/stressors as perceived by baccalaureate Saudi nursing students. Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research, 14(2), 193-202.

[5.]   Findik, U. Y., Ozbas, A., Cavdar, I., Topcu, S. Y., & Onler, E. (2015). Assessment of nursing students' stress levels and coping strategies in operating room practice. Nurse education in practice, 15(3), 192-195.

[6.]   Hayes, B., Douglas, C., & Bonner, A. (2015). (Article 4) Work Environment, Job Satisfaction, Job Stress and Burnout among Haemodialysis Nurses. Job Satisfaction, Stress and Burnout in Haemodialysis Nurses, 155.

[7.]   Kim, M., & Hwangbo, H. H. (2010). Randomized trial evaluating the aroma inhalation on physiological and subjective anxiety indicators of the nursing students experiencing the first intravenous injection. International Journal of Bio-Science and Bio-Technology, 2(4), 1-9.

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[10.]   Pulido‐Martos, M., Augusto‐Landa, J. M., & Lopez‐Zafra, E. (2012). Sources of stress in nursing students: a systematic review of quantitative studies. International Nursing Review, 59(1), 15-25.

[11.]   Redhwan, A. A. N., Sami, A. R., Karim, A., Chan, R., & Zaleha, M. (2009). Stress and coping strategies among management and science university students: A qualitative study. The International Medical Journal of Malaysia, 8(2).

[12.]   Shaban, I. A., Khater, W. A., & Akhu-Zaheya, L. M. (2012). Undergraduate nursing students’ stress sources and coping behaviours during their initial period of clinical training: A Jordanian perspective. Nurse Education in Practice, 12(4), 204-209.

[13.]   Zhao, F. F., Lei, X. L., He, W., Gu, Y. H., & Li, D. W. (2015). The study of perceived stress, coping strategy and self‐efficacy of Chinese undergraduate nursing students in clinical practice. International journal of nursing practice, 21(4), 401-409.