Abstract:

This study assessed the effectiveness of the Zooming-In strategy, a community-based household intervention designed to strengthen malaria prevention and control in Uganda. The intervention employed structured interpersonal communication and routine follow-up visits to promote improved malaria-related behaviours. A quasi-experimental design was implemented across three regions—Hoima, Masaka, and Rwenzori—using a total sample of 1,200 households (600 intervention; 600 control). Data were obtained through household surveys and secondary analysis of District Health Information System 2 (DHIS2) records. Descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and interrupted time series (ITS) analysis were applied to determine the intervention’s effects.The Zooming-In strategy was associated with significant improvements in key malaria prevention indicators. Consistent insecticide-treated net (ITN) use was higher in the intervention group compared to the control group (81.8% vs. 76.5%; p = 0.028). Early treatment-seeking behaviour increased markedly among intervention households (81.6% vs. 64.4%; p < 0.001). Test positivity rates declined to 52% in intervention areas compared with 61% in control areas, and malaria prevalence among pregnant women was lower in the intervention group (13% vs. 21%). Overall, the findings demonstrate that the Zooming-In approach enhances household malaria prevention practices and contributes to improved malaria-related outcomes. The strategy shows potential for adaptation and replication in other malaria-endemic settings. Further research is warranted to examine long-term behavioural sustainability and to explore cost-effective avenues for broader implementation.

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