Exploring Community Knowledge and Awareness of Emergency Medical Services in the Kweneng West Subdistrict, Botswana

Download Article

DOI: 10.21522/TIJPH.2013.13.04.Art021

Authors : Kolobetso Malatsi, Sonika, Raj Goel, Dintle S. Molosiwa

Abstract:

In rural Botswana, accessing to Emergency Medical Services (EMS) remains challenging due to logistical, infrastructural, and awareness-related barriers. This study aimed to explore community knowledge and identify specific needs regarding Emergency Medical Services (EMS) in the Kweneng West Subdistrict utilizing a qualitative descriptive approach. This study was conducted at Letlhakeng village. In-depth interviews and focus group interviews were conducted and triangulated data from 34 community stakeholders, including healthcare providers, Village Development Committee (VDC) members, police officers, and community workers. Purpose sampling was used to select the participants for this study. The findings revealed significant gaps in awareness and understanding. A substantial proportion of the participants were unaware of the emergency contact numbers for EMS and often relied on informal communication channels. Additionally, most participants reported receiving information through health talks at the clinic, police stations and Kgotla gatherings. The lack of formal EMS education contributed to misconceptions about EMS services. These findings underscore the need for targeted interventions to enhance community knowledge and awareness of EMS.

References:

[1].   Dalinjong, P. A., Wang, A. Y., & Dong, Y., 2018, The influence of service quality on healthcare utilization among rural residents in Africa. Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition, 37(1), 8.

[2].   Sibanda, M. C., 2017, Work conditions and experiences of emergency medical services personnel in the department of Health in two Provinces. Mahikeng: North-West University.

[3].   Mould-Millman, N. K., Naidoo, R., De Vries, S., & Stein, C., 2015, Cross-sectional study of barriers to accessing emergency medical services in rural Africa: A South African perspective. African Journal of Emergency Medicine, 5(1), 30-35.

[4].   Schultz, R., Abbott, T., Yamaguchi, J., & Cairney, S., 2018, Indigenous land management as primary health care: qualitative analysis from the Interplay research project in remote Australia. BMC Health Services Research, 18, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-018-3764-8

[5].   Oppong, E., Hinson, R. E., Adeola, O., Muritala, O., & Kosiba, J. P., 2021, The effect of mobile health service quality on user satisfaction and continual usage, Total Quality Management & Business Excellence, Doi: 10.1080/14783363.2018.1541734

[6].   Wills, J., 2022, Foundations for Health Promotion-E-Book: Foundations for Health Promotion-E-Book. Elsevier health Sciences, 19 - 340.

[7].   Kobusingye, O. C., Hyder, A. A., Bishai, D., Hicks, E. R., Mock, C., & Joshipura, M., 2005, Emergency medical systems in low- and middle-income countries: recommendations for action. Bulletin of the World Health Organization83(8)626–631.

[8].   Saunders, B., Sim, J., Kingstone, T., Baker, S., Waterfield, J., Bartlam, B., & Jinks, C., 2018, Saturation in qualitative research: exploring its conceptualization and operationalization. Quality & Quantity, 52, 1893–1907. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11135-017-0574-8

[9].   Aljabri, D., & Albinali, H., 2022, Public awareness and use of 997 emergencies medical service phone number during the COVID-19 pandemic. Frontiers in Public Health, 10,937202

[10].  Hamam, A. F., Bagis, M. H., AlJohani, K., & Tashkandi, A. H., 2015, Public awareness of the EMS system in Western Saudi Arabia: Identifying the weakest link. International Journal of Emergency Medicine, 8, 1-7.

[11].  von dem Knesebeck, O., Koens, S., Schäfer, I., Strauß, A., Klein, J., 2022, Public knowledge about emergency care-results of a population survey from Germany. Frontiers in Public Health, 9,787921. Doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.787921. PMID: 35071168; PMCID: PMC8777036.

[12].  Balakrishnan, M. P., Herndon, J. B., Zhang, J., Payton, T., Shuster, J., & Carden, D. L., 2017, The association of health literacy with preventable emergency department visits: a cross-sectional study. Academic Emergency Medicine, 24(9) 1042-1050.

[13].  Schaeffer, D., Gille, S., Hurrelmann, K., 2020, Implementation of the National Action Plan Health Literacy in Germany—Lessons Learned. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health17 (12):4403. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17124403

[14].  Anderson, P. D., Suter, R. E., Mulligan, T., Bodiwala, G., Razzak, J. A., Mock, C., & International Federation for Emergency Medicine., 2012, World Health Assembly Resolution 60.22 and its importance as a healthcare policy tool for improving emergency care access and availability globally. Annals of Emergency Medicine, 60(1): 35-44. Doi: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2011.10.018.

[15].  Carr, B. G., Bowman, A. J., Wolff, C. S., Mullen, M. T., Holena, D. N., Branas, C. C., Wiebe, D. J., 2017, Disparities in Access to Trauma Care in the United States: A Population-Based Analysis. Injury, 48:332–338. Doi: 10.1016/j.injury.2017.01.008. 

[16].  King, R., Oprescu, F., Lord, B., & Flanagan, B., 2021, Patient experience of non-conveyance following emergency ambulance service response: a scoping review of the literature. Australasian emergency care24(3):210-223. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.auec.2020.08.006

[17].  Sultan, M., Abebe, Y., Tsadik, A. W., Jennings, C. A., & Mould-Millman, N. K., 2018, “Epidemiology of ambulance utilized patients in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.” BMC Health Services Research, 18,1-7 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-018-3820-4

[18].  Patel, A. B., Waters, N. M., Blanchard, I. E., Doig, C. J., & Ghali, W. A., 2012, Validation of ground ambulance pre-hospital times modeled using geographic information systems. International journal of health geographics, 11, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1186/1476-072X-11-42.

[19].  Wesson, H. K., Stevens, K. A., Bachani, A. M., Mogere, S., Akungah, D., Nyamari, J., & Hyder, A. A., 2015, Trauma systems in Kenya: a qualitative analysis at the district level. Qualitative health research25(5)589-599.