Predictors of Hesitancy in Childhood Vaccination Uptake Post-Covid-19 in Bayelsa State, Nigeria
Abstract:
The
COVID-19 pandemic disrupted routine immunization services worldwide, including
in Bayelsa State, Nigeria. This study aims to identify the predictors of
childhood vaccination uptake post-COVID-19 and understand the factors
associated with vaccine hesitancy in this region. A cross-sectional study was
conducted involving 810 parents and caregivers of children eligible for
vaccination in Bayelsa State. Data on demographic characteristics, attitudes
towards vaccination, and vaccination uptake were collected using structured questionnaires.
Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify significant predictors
of vaccine hesitancy. The study found that female participation in child
healthcare was significantly higher (78%), with most participants being married
(60.2%) and having secondary education (55.1%). Positive attitudes towards
childhood immunization were associated with higher vaccination uptake (88.9%).
Significant predictors of vaccine hesitancy included self-employment (aOR 1.3),
rural residence (aOR 1.8), not believing in mandatory immunization (aOR 5.1),
not advising other parents to immunize (aOR 4.1), never taking children for
scheduled immunizations (aOR 8.4), and not participating in community programs
(aOR 3.1). The study highlights the importance of parental education,
occupation, area of residence, and attitudes towards immunization in
determining childhood vaccination uptake. Targeted interventions addressing
these factors, promoting positive attitudes, and enhancing community engagement
are essential to improve vaccination rates and reduce vaccine hesitancy in
Bayelsa State.
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