Abstract:

The achievement of creating a healthy environment and life begins with a conscious effort of an individual and then influencing other members of the family, the society and ultimately, the mind-set of the whole country. Efforts from all these parties can help create a conducive environment, free from diseases and comfortable for everybody to live in (Kasenga, 2016).

There was a transition of Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in 2015; this has affected the environment of health plans and strategies. In today's globalized world, rapid urbanization, mechanization of the rural economy, and the activities of trans-national food, drink and tobacco corporations are associated with behavioral changes which include less healthy diet, lower physical activity, tobacco smoking and increased alcohol consumption that increase the risk of chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs). As a result, population health profiles are rapidly changing. Many in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) are undergoing rapid changes associated with developing high rates of NCD while concomitantly battling high levels of certain communicable diseases, including HIV, TB and malaria. This has population health, health systems and economic implications for these countries. The rationales of the study are; (a) To highlight the different types of communicable and Non-communicable diseases (b) To highlight different strategic Management of these diseases.

Keywords: Communicable diseases, Non-communicable diseases, MDGs, SDGs, LMIC.

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