Abstract:

Salivary alkaline phosphatase (S-ALP) levels have been found to be elevated in cases of oral squamous cell carcinoma and Oral Potentially Malignant Disorder, but their level in Oral Submucous Fibrosis (OSMF) is less explored. The present study aims to investigate salivary alkaline phosphatase levels (S-ALP) as a diagnostic biomarker in oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF). The objective of the study is to measure and compare the S-ALP in individuals with/without the habit of chewing betel nuts and to assess the relationship between S-ALP in individuals with/without betel nut induced oral lesions. The samples were recruited by the stratified random sampling method. A total of 36 patients were divided into two groups, with 18 participants in each group. Group A-control group without habits and without lesions Group B (study group), Group B1-patients without betel nut induced lesions, and Group B2 –Patients with betel nut induced lesions (OSMF). The data obtained were subjected to statistical analysis, and independent t-tests were done. The mean S-ALP was 8.2 IU/L for normal individuals without tobacco usage, 19.5 IU/L for patients with the habit of betel nut chewing but without lesions, and 49.4 IU/L for patients with betel nut chewing induced lesions. The mean difference between the groups was statistically significant (P < 0.001). The results of the present study suggest that S-ALP levels is markedly increased in patients with the habit of using smokeless tobacco suggesting that S-ALP can be used as a reliable non-invasive biomarker to monitor oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF)

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