Assessing Epidemic Preparedness and Response Capacities for Public Health Emergencies: Quantitative Findings from Selected States in Northern Nigeria

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DOI: 10.21522/TIJPH.2013.13.02.Art054

Authors : Rabi Usman, Femi Rufus Tinuola, Ibrahim Attah, Suleiman I. Egyegini, Ibrahim A. Jibril, Ubong Akpan Okon, Mukhtar Salihu Anka

Abstract:

Public health emergencies, particularly infectious disease outbreaks, pose significant challenges in resource-limited settings like northern Nigeria, where disparities in preparedness and response (EPR) capacities exist. This study quantitatively assessed public health emergency preparedness and response capacities in Bauchi, Kano, and the Federal Capital Territory (FCT). A cross-sectional study involving local government disease surveillance and notification officers (DSNOs) as respondents was conducted. Data were collected using a semi-structured online questionnaire and analysed using SPSS software. Key findings revealed a high level of training in emergency preparedness and response, with over 90% of DSNOs across the three states having undergone epidemic preparedness and response (EPR) training. Strengths included availability of trained rapid response teams, widespread use of the Surveillance Outbreak Response Management Analysis System (SORMAS) and availability of Integrated Disease Surveillance and Response (IDSR) reporting forms. However, critical gaps were identified, such as inadequate funding, poor laboratory capacity, and insufficient healthcare infrastructure. Additional challenges included limited community engagement, poor multisectoral coordination, and internet connectivity issues. Recommendations for strengthening EPR include enhanced surveillance systems, improved laboratory infrastructure, capacity building for the healthcare workforce, and strengthened community engagement. Despite existing challenges, the study highlights progress in strengthening epidemic preparedness and response, offering evidence-based insights to guide future interventions. This study underscores the importance of a multi-pronged approach to address regional disparities and ensure robust preparedness and response in northern Nigeria.

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