Abstract:

This study evaluates the osteogenic activity of hafnium oxide-coated titanium micro screws using the MG-63 osteoblast cell line in an in vitro setting. The objective is to assess cell viability, proliferation, differentiation, and the impact of hafnium coating on implant integration. Titanium micro screws served as the control, while hafnium oxide-coated titanium screws formed the test group. MTT assay was conducted to determine cell viability and proliferation, while qPCR analysis measured osteogenic differentiation through key markers: BMP-2, ALP, and Runx2. The results showed that hafnium-coated screws exhibited significantly higher expression of osteogenic markers compared to the uncoated group. The MTT assay confirmed biocompatibility in both groups, with no cytotoxic effects observed. However, hafnium-coated screws significantly enhanced osteoblast proliferation and differentiation, suggesting superior osteogenic potential. These findings highlight that hafnium oxide coating improves bone-forming activity, indicating enhanced osseointegration for orthopaedic and dental implant applications. The increased expression of BMP-2, ALP, and Runx2 suggests that hafnium coating facilitates osteoblast differentiation and bone formation, making it a promising material for next-generation implants.

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