Abstract:

A tubulovillous adenoma is a type of colorectal polyp that exhibits both tubular and villous features. These polyps are considered adenomatous polyps, which are precancerous lesions of the colon and rectum. The significance of tubulovillous adenomas lies in their potential to evolve into colorectal cancer over time, particularly if they are left undiagnosed or untreated. Gastric tubulovillous adenomas are rare benign tumors that can cause upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding. Multiple gastric tubulovillous adenomas are extremely rare and can pose a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. This article provides an in-depth exploration of the tubulovillous adenoma, focusing on its pathophysiology, characteristics, risk factors, clinical presentation, diagnosis, management, and prognosis. Due to the relatively silent nature of these polyps, many are discovered incidentally during screening procedures, such as colonoscopy. The diagnosis of tubulovillous adenomas typically begins with screening for colorectal cancer, especially in individuals over 50 years old or those with a family history of colorectal cancer. The colonoscopy is the gold standard for detecting and diagnosing adenomatous polyps.

References:

[1].   Park, S. W., Lee, S. H., Lee, J. H., et al., 2018, Multiple gastric tubulovillous adenomas: A case report and review of the literature, Clin Endosc, vol. 51, no. 3, pp. 261-265.

[2].   Lauwers, G. Y., Srivastava, A., Mino-Kenudson, M., et al., 2010, Gastric adenocarcinoma and its precursor lesions, Pathol Case Rev, vol. 15, no. 3, pp. 123-133.

[3].   Pimentel-Nunes, P., Dinis-Ribeiro, M., 2016, Endoscopic surveillance of gastric adenomas, Gastrointest Endosc Clin N Am, vol. 26, no. 2, pp. 257-265.

[4].   Japanese Gastric Cancer Association, 2017, Japanese gastric cancer treatment guidelines 2014 (ver. 1), Gastric Cancer, vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 1-19.

[5].   Lee, J. H., Bae, J. S., Ryu, D. Y., et al., 2015, Clinicopathological features of gastric adenomas, J Gastric Cancer, vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 83-90.

[6].   Park, D. Y., Lauwers, G. Y., 2011, Gastric adenoma: A review, J Gastroenterol, vol. 46, no. 8, pp. 945-953.

[7].   Abraham, S. C., Singh, V. K., Yardley, J. H., Wu, T. T., 2001, Gastric adenoma: Intestinal-type adenocarcinoma in an adenomatous polyp in the setting of chronic gastric ulcer, Am J Surg Pathol, vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 115-121.