Abstract:

This study is a retrospective study design to examine the outcome of babies born to HIV-positive mothers in Specialist Hospital Yola, Adamawa state, Nigeria. The total population of women who tested HIV-positive and accessed antenatal care, intra-natal care and post natal care and were enrolled for PMTCT at Specialist Hospital, Yola between January 2013 and December 2013 and infants below 24 months .

The objective of this study is to determine the number of the exposed infants that received PCR service using DBS as compared with the total number of positive pregnant mothers and also to identify the gaps with the view to correcting them

Total ANC attendee was forty thousand three hundred and Seventy four (40,374) pregnant women of which Eleven thousand three hundred (11,300) received counseled, tested and received results for HIV. Two hundred and Nineteen (219) 1.9% tested were reported positive. This makes up 1.9% of the population tested. The HIV testing among HIV-exposed

Infants within the health care facility were (133) 60.7%. The prevalence of HIV infection among

HIV-exposed infants who were tested by HIV-1 DNA PCR method was (8) 8.4%. 95 (71%) of the total DBS sample collected had their results. 38 (28.6%) of the infants never received their result.

The facility had intermittent supply of commodities for EID of HIV, trained human resources, system of identification of HIV-exposed infants. Early HIV testing during

Pregnancy, PMTCT ARV prophylaxis, disclosure of HIV status, enrollment to care and treatment, frequent attendance to EID services, co-trimoxazole prophylaxis and exclusive breast feeding was found to be significant predictors for testing of HIV-exposed infants.

References:

[1.] (n.d.). Retrieved April 7, 2014, from www.poz.com/arcchives/2008_march_2168

[2.] Aledort JE, R. A. (2006). Reducing the burden of HIV/AIDS in Infants: the contribution of improved diagnostics. Nature, 444 suppl 1. 19-21.

[3.] Assembly, U. G. (2011). Political declaration on HIV and AIDS: Intensifying our efforts to eliminate HIV and AIDS. Geneva: UNAIDS.

[4.] Cassol S, S. T. (December 1992). Stability of dried blood spot specimens for detection of human immunodeficiency virus DNA by polymerase chain reaction. J. Clin. Microbiol.30 (12), 3039-42.

[5.] Chou R, H. L. (2005). Screeening for HIV: a review of evidence for the U.S Preventive Service Task Force. Annals of Internal Medicine143(1), 55-73.

[6.] Ciaranello AL, P. J.-A. (2011). Early infant HIV-1 diagnosis programs in resource-limited settings: opportunities. BMC Med.

[7.] Douek DC, R. M. (2009). Emerging Concepts in the Immunopathogenesis. Annu. Rev.Med 60, 471-84.

[8.] en wikipedia.org/wiki/infection

[9.] en wikipedia.org/wiki/Dried_Blood_Spot

[10.] Generalized epidemic in sub Saharan Africa. Journal of international development 13(4) 451-466

[11.] HIVand AIDS. Geneva: UNAIDS

[12.] Hassan AS, S. E. (2012). .Dynamics and constraints of early. AIDS and Behavior. 16(1), 5-12.

[13.] Kumaranayake L, W. C. (2001). Resource allocation and priority setting of HIV/AIDS interventions: addressing the generalized epidemic in sub-saharan Africa. Journal of international Development 13(4), 451-466.

[14.] Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Science by JG Gamaliel 2012

[15.] Nuwagaba H.B., S. W. (2010). Introducing a multi-site program for early diagnosis of HIV. BMC Pediatr.

[16.] Parker SP, C. W. (September 1999). The use of the dried blood spot sample in epidemiological studies. J. clin. pathol.52 (9), 633-9.

[17.] Post exposure prophylaxis against human immunodeficiency virus. American Family Physician 82(2):161-6

[18.] RA, W. (1993). How does HIV cause AIDS ? Science 260(5112), 1273-9.

[19.] Stability of Dry Blood Spot specimen for detection of human immunodeficiency virus DNA by polymerase chain reaction. J.clin.microbiol.30 (12):3039-42

[20.] Schools-wikipaedia.org/wp/h/hiv.htm

[21.] S, K. (2004). Patient inforation: Blood donation and transfusion. uptodate.

[22.] Tolle MA, S. H. (July 15, 2010). Post exposure prophylaxis against human immunodeficiency virus. American Family Physician 82 (2), 161-6.

[23.] Wikipedia Dry Blood Spot, 3/27/14

[24.] www.Pathfinder’s.org , early infant diagnosis

[25.] www.emtct-1qtt.org : utilization of HIV and AIDS -mother to child transmission

[26.] www.Independent.org/ Delusions of power by Robert Higgs

[27.] www.update.com

[28.] www.plosone.org

[29.] www.scirp.org/journal/paper download. J. Purushottam, 2012

[30.] www.youtube.com question/index?qid

[31.] www.intergayhiv.com/Humanimmunodeficiencyvirus-hiv

[32.] www.Ihaveachronicdisease.com/hivaids

[33.] www.POZ.COM/archives/2008_mar_2168.shtml

[34.] www.andrenaingram.org/always-to-contract-hiv

[35.] www.palneetclinic.com/index

[36.] www.sanfordburnham.org