Abstract:

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is the most common type of diabetes mellitus accounting for approximately 90% of all cases. Many diabetes mellitus patients experience difficulties following their treatment regimen causing low number of patients achieving glycaemic control target. Failure to achieve glycaemic control is associated with the development of complications. This study sought to determine the prevalence of poor glycaemic control and identify factors associated with glycaemic control among type 2 diabetes mellitus patient attending an out patient’s clinic.

All type 2 diabetic patients aged 18 years and above attending the Parirenyatwa out patient’s diabetic clinic during the study period who consented to participate in the study were consecutively enrolled. A questionnaire was administered, the patients’ weight and height were measured. A blood sample was collected for glycosylated haemoglobin analysis using the enzymatic method.

A total of 180 type 2 diabetic patients were enrolled into the study of whom 69.4% were female. The median age was 60.0 years, median duration of disease was 6.0 years, median body mass index was 26.0 kg/m² and median glycosylated haemoglobin was 7.4. Poor glycaemic control was diagnosed in 60.9% of the patients. Gender (p value 0.016), duration (p value ˂0.001) and physical activity (p value 0.007) were significantly associated with glycaemic control.

The majority of the type 2 diabetic patients had poor glycaemic control. There is need of coming up with strategies to improve glycaemic control in type 2 diabetic patients attending the out patient’s clinic. Gender, duration and physical activity were associated with glycaemic control.

Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, type 2 diabetes mellitus, glycaemic control.

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