Abstract:

Zirconium (ZrO₂) is a metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs) possessing antimicrobial, antifungal, antioxidant, biosensing, biocompatibility, and anticancer activities. Due to their unique properties, ZrNPs can be used for multiple biomedical applications. Orthosiphon stamineus (OS) is a perennial medicinal herb with potent bioactive constituents. Traditionally, it was used in treating rheumatism, epilepsy, jaundice, hepatitis, etc, Hence OS could be used as a capping agent for synthesizing ZrO₂NPs. The current study aimed to synthesize ZrO₂NPs using a green source like Orthosiphon stamineus(OS) leaves extract and characterized using UV spectrophotometry, FTIR, SEM, EDX, and their biocompatibility was tested using Annexin V apoptosis assay. Milky precipitation formed, followed by the addition of OS extract to the aqueous solution of Zirconium oxychloride Octahydrate, revealed the formation of ZrO₂NPs was further confirmed by the maximum absorbance at 296 nm in the UV-Vis spectrum. The peaks in the fingerprint region of FTIR revealed the presence of the functional groups of the phytoconstituents, confirming the capping. Apoptosis assay revealing the strong biocompatibility of ZrO₂NPs towards peripheral blood mononuclear cells with 77.64% cell viability. From the apoptosis assay, it was evident that ZrO₂NPs are less cytotoxic, indicating their applicability for medicinal applications. However further studies are required to validate its actions on bone tissue engineering.

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